Brussalier
The Brussalier is a cross between the Brussels Griffon and the Cavalier King Charles Spaniel. Because each hybrid inherits a unique combination of traits from both parents, we recommend thoroughly researching both breeds before choosing a Brussalier. Pay special attention to temperament, health issues, and care requirements, as your dog may express characteristics from either parent breed.
Brussels Griffon
The Brussels Griffon is a small toy breed standing between 7 and 10 inches at the shoulder and weighing between 6 and 12 pounds. Despite their diminutive size, these dogs possess a sturdy, compact build with a square body proportion and well-developed muscles. Their small stature belies a robust constitution that was originally developed for ratting in Belgian stables and households. The breed's structure combines the delicacy expected of a toy breed with surprising substance and bone density. The Brussels Griffon comes in two distinct coat varieties: rough and smooth. The rough-coated variety features a dense, wiry outer coat with a characteristic beard and whiskers that give the face its distinctive human-like expression. This coat type requires regular professional grooming every four to eight weeks to maintain its proper texture and appearance. The smooth-coated variety, sometimes called the Petit Brabancon, has a short, glossy coat that lies close to the body and requires less maintenance but does shed more noticeably. Both coat types appear in red, black, black and tan, or belge coloration. The most striking feature of the Brussels Griffon is their distinctive face, which many describe as having an almost human-like quality. Their large, prominent, dark eyes are set wide apart and convey remarkable expressiveness, ranging from soulful to mischievous. The skull is rounded with a very short, upturned muzzle and an undershot jaw, classifying them as a brachycephalic breed. Their ears are set high on the head and may be natural or cropped where permitted. The overall expression is one of alert intelligence and self-importance, perfectly matching their confident personality. Their tail is typically docked to about one-third its natural length where this practice is allowed.
Key Characteristics
Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament The breed is not ideally suited for homes with very young children, as their small size makes them vulnerable to accidental injury, and they may not tolerate rough handling. They can do well with older, respectful children who understand appropriate interactions with small dogs. Brussels Griffons often get along with other pets, particularly if raised together, though they may attempt to dominate larger dogs despite the obvious size difference. They require only moderate exercise, with daily walks and indoor play sessions sufficient for their needs. Separation anxiety can be a significant concern, as their strong attachment to their owners makes prolonged absences distressing. Ideal owners are those who can provide consistent companionship and appreciate the breed's unique combination of comedy and dignity.
Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Eye problems are a significant concern due to the breed's prominent, bulging eyes, which are vulnerable to injury and conditions such as progressive retinal atrophy, cataracts, and corneal ulcers. Owners should take care to protect their dog's eyes from trauma and seek veterinary attention promptly for any signs of eye irritation or injury. Dental issues are common due to their shortened jaw and crowded teeth, making regular dental care essential. Brussels Griffons are also known for having difficult births, often requiring cesarean sections due to the puppies' large heads relative to the mother's pelvis. Prospective owners should seek puppies from breeders who screen for hereditary conditions and provide appropriate health clearances.
Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
The Cavalier King Charles Spaniel is a small, elegant toy spaniel standing 12 to 13 inches at the shoulder and weighing between 13 and 18 pounds. They represent the largest of the toy spaniels and possess a graceful, well-balanced build that combines the gentle demeanor of a companion dog with the athleticism of their sporting spaniel ancestors. Their body is slightly longer than tall, with a level topline, moderate tuck-up, and a gaily carried tail that wags constantly when they are in motion. The overall impression is one of refined elegance without appearing fragile or delicate. The coat of the Cavalier is medium in length, silky in texture, and may display a slight wave but should never curl tightly. Feathering develops on the ears, chest, legs, feet, and tail as the dog matures, adding to their elegant appearance. The breed standard specifies that the coat should not be trimmed, allowing it to flow naturally. Four distinct color patterns are recognized: Blenheim, featuring rich chestnut markings on a pearly white background; tricolor, with black and white patches and tan markings; black and tan, showing jet black with tan markings in specific locations; and ruby, which is a solid rich reddish-brown throughout. The Blenheim coloring may display the highly valued lozenge mark, a chestnut spot on top of the head between the ears. The head of the Cavalier is one of its most endearing features, with a slightly rounded skull, gentle stop, and full muzzle that tapers only slightly. Unlike the related King Charles Spaniel, the Cavalier has a longer muzzle and flatter skull, which were deliberately bred to recreate the look of spaniels in historical paintings. Their large, round, dark brown eyes are set well apart and convey an expression of warmth, gentleness, and sweet melting appeal that is characteristic of the breed. The long, high-set ears are well feathered and frame the face beautifully when the dog is alert. Their expression is perhaps the breed's most distinctive trait, conveying softness, kindness, and an eagerness for human connection that has made them treasured companions throughout history.
Key Characteristics
Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament Temperament Cavaliers are known for getting along exceptionally well with children, other dogs, and even cats when properly socialized. Their patient, tolerant nature allows them to handle the unpredictability of young children, though supervision is always recommended to protect both child and dog. The breed is highly trainable and responds enthusiastically to positive reinforcement methods, eager to earn praise and treats from their beloved owners. However, their strong attachment to humans means they do not cope well with extended periods of isolation and may develop separation anxiety if left alone frequently. Ideal owners are those who can provide consistent companionship and appreciate a devoted shadow who wants nothing more than to be wherever their family is.
Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Health Considerations Additional health concerns include primary secretory otitis media, sometimes called glue ear, where thick mucus accumulates in the middle ear causing pain and hearing loss. The breed is predisposed to various eye conditions including cataracts, progressive retinal atrophy, and dry eye syndrome. Hip dysplasia and patellar luxation affect some individuals. Episodic falling syndrome, a condition causing temporary muscle stiffness and collapse, is unique to the breed and has a genetic test available. Blood platelet abnormalities have been documented in approximately half of the breed. Responsible breeders screen for these conditions and follow breeding protocols aimed at reducing disease incidence, but prospective owners should prepare for potentially significant veterinary expenses and the emotional challenges of managing chronic conditions.
Important to Remember
Each hybrid dog is unique and may inherit any combination of traits from either parent breed. The information above represents the characteristics of the purebred parent breeds. Your Brussalier may favor one parent over the other or display a blend of both. We strongly encourage you to read the complete breed profiles for both the Brussels Griffon and Cavalier King Charles Spaniel to fully understand the range of possible temperaments, health concerns, and care requirements.