Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya
Breed Description

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is known by several names across different cultures and languages. Most commonly, this breed is simply called the Borzoi in English-speaking countries, which is a shortened version of the original Russian name. The term "Borzoi" itself comes from the Russian word "borzii," meaning swift or fast, which aptly describes this breed's incredible speed and agility.

Historically, this breed was widely known as the Russian Wolfhound, a name that reflects both its country of origin and its traditional purpose of hunting wolves on the Russian steppes. This name was particularly popular in English-speaking countries during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. The Russian Greyhound is another alternative name occasionally used, drawing a comparison to the similar body type of the Greyhound breed, though the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is distinctly larger and possesses a much longer, silkier coat.

In its native Russia, the breed is most properly referred to by its full name, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, which translates to "Russian Long-Haired Sighthound." The word "psovaya" specifically refers to the wavy, silky coat that distinguishes this breed from other sighthounds. Some breed enthusiasts and historians prefer using the complete Russian name to honor the breed's heritage and distinguish it from other borzoi-type dogs that may exist in various regions.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya stands as one of the most elegant and aristocratic breeds in the canine world. This magnificent sighthound combines breathtaking beauty with powerful athleticism, creating a dog that is both a stunning work of art in motion and a capable hunting companion. The breed's most immediately striking feature is its tall, slender build combined with a long, silky coat that flows gracefully with every movement. These dogs carry themselves with a noble bearing that reflects their centuries-long association with Russian nobility.

Standing among the tallest of all dog breeds, male Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya typically measure 28 inches or more at the shoulder, with females standing at 26 inches or taller. However, many individuals exceed these minimums considerably, with some males reaching 32 inches or more. Despite their considerable height, these dogs maintain a refined, elegant appearance rather than appearing bulky or coarse. Males typically weigh between 75 and 105 pounds, while females generally range from 60 to 85 pounds, though individual variation exists within the breed. The breed's body is long and narrow when viewed from above, with a deep chest that provides ample room for the heart and lungs necessary for sustained bursts of incredible speed.

The head of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is long, narrow, and refined, giving the breed its distinctive aristocratic profile. The skull is flat and narrow, and the stop is barely perceptible, creating a smooth, flowing line from the top of the head down the long, slightly arched muzzle. The nose is large and black, or in lighter-colored dogs, may be dark brown or self-colored. The jaws are strong with a complete scissor bite. The eyes are dark, large, and expressive, set somewhat obliquely, conveying an intelligent and gentle expression. The eye rims are dark. Small, fine-textured ears are set high on the head and carried folded back along the neck when at rest, but may prick forward when the dog is alert.

The neck is long, powerful, and slightly arched, flowing smoothly into well-laid-back shoulders. This elegant neck contributes significantly to the breed's noble appearance and is one of the features that distinguishes a quality specimen. The topline displays a graceful arch over the loin, a characteristic known as the "roach" or "wheel back," which is unique among dog breeds and serves as a spring-like mechanism that helps propel the dog forward during the gallop. The chest is narrow but very deep, reaching to the elbows or below, providing the necessary cardiac and respiratory capacity for a coursing hound.

The forequarters of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya feature long, flat, muscular shoulders laid well back, and long, straight forelegs with strong, slightly sloping pasterns. The bone is flat rather than round in cross-section, contributing to the breed's elegant appearance. The hindquarters are powerfully muscled with long, well-bent stifles and low-set hocks, providing the explosive power needed for swift acceleration and sustained speed. The feet are hare-like, with tightly-arched toes and thick pads, designed for covering ground efficiently over various terrains.

The tail of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is long and carried low in a graceful curve, often described as saber-shaped or resembling a scimitar. It is well feathered with long, silky hair. When the dog is in motion, the tail may be raised but should never be carried over the back. The tail serves as a rudder when the dog is coursing at high speed, helping to maintain balance during sharp turns while pursuing prey.

The coat is the breed's crowning glory and the source of the "psovaya" portion of its name. The hair is long, silky, and either flat, wavy, or slightly curly, never wooly. It is shorter and smoother on the head, ears, and front of the legs, becoming longer on the body with abundant feathering on the hindquarters and tail. A well-developed neck ruff, or mane, is particularly noticeable in males. The texture should be neither coarse nor fluffy, but silky and somewhat flat-lying, though it may form slight waves. This luxurious coat requires regular maintenance to keep it free of mats and to maintain its flowing appearance.

Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya come in virtually any color or combination of colors. Common colors include white, various shades of gold, tan, red, gray, brindle, and black, either solid or in various patterns including spots, patches, and markings. Many have darker face markings or masks. The variety of acceptable colors reflects the breed's long history and the fact that performance ability, rather than color, was the primary selection criterion for Russian breeders.

The movement of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is one of the breed's most impressive features. At a walk or trot, the gait is light, flowing, and effortless, with the dog appearing to glide over the ground. When coursing or pursuing prey, the breed employs a double-suspension gallop, a gait where all four feet are off the ground twice during each stride. At full speed, a Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya can reach speeds exceeding 35 miles per hour, demonstrating the explosive power and grace that made them so effective at hunting wolves and other game on the vast Russian steppes.

The overall impression of a Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is one of elegance, grace, and quiet dignity combined with athletic power. The breed should appear slightly elongated rather than square, refined rather than coarse, and should move with smooth, ground-covering strides. These are sensitive, gentle dogs with their family, though they maintain an air of reserve and independence. Their combination of beauty, athleticism, and gentle temperament has made them popular not only as hunting companions but also as beloved family pets and show dogs around the world.

In terms of temperament, the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is known for being calm, quiet, and somewhat cat-like in the home. They are typically dignified and well-mannered indoors, content to relax on comfortable furniture when not engaged in activity. However, this calm demeanor can disappear instantly when the dog's chase instinct is triggered by a moving object, at which point the breed's hunting heritage becomes immediately apparent. This dichotomy of personality makes them suitable for households that can provide both a peaceful home environment and adequate opportunities for running exercise in safely enclosed areas.

The breed tends to be somewhat aloof with strangers, though not aggressive or fearful. They form deep bonds with their family members but express affection in a gentle, understated manner rather than through boisterous enthusiasm. Many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are quite sensitive to correction and harsh tones, requiring patient, positive training methods. They respond well to gentle encouragement and are typically eager to please, though their independent nature means they may not be as slavishly obedient as some working breeds.

Intelligence is a hallmark of the breed, though this intelligence is sometimes masked by the dog's independent thinking. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya were bred to think for themselves while hunting, as they needed to make split-second decisions when pursuing dangerous game like wolves. This independence can sometimes be mistaken for stubbornness or lack of intelligence, but in reality, these dogs are quite clever and capable of learning quickly when motivated properly. They simply prefer to have a reason for following commands rather than obeying reflexively.

Socialization from an early age is important for Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya puppies. While the breed is not typically aggressive, proper socialization helps ensure they develop into confident, well-adjusted adults who can handle various situations appropriately. Exposure to different people, places, sounds, and experiences during the critical socialization period helps prevent shyness or excessive timidity, though the breed's naturally reserved nature will remain even with proper socialization.

The prey drive in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is extremely strong and represents one of the most important considerations for potential owners. These dogs were specifically bred to pursue and catch fast-moving prey, and this instinct remains very much intact in modern dogs. Any small, furry animal that runs may trigger the chase response, which can be virtually impossible to interrupt once initiated. For this reason, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya should never be trusted off-leash in unfenced areas, regardless of their level of training. The sight of a squirrel, rabbit, or even a plastic bag blowing in the wind can trigger the dog to take off at full speed, often ignoring all commands in the excitement of the chase.

Despite their size, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya can adapt to various living situations, including apartments, provided their exercise needs are met. They are generally quiet and calm indoors, spending much of their time resting on comfortable surfaces. However, they do require daily exercise, including opportunities to run freely in safely fenced areas. A secure fence at least six feet high is essential for any yard where these dogs will be exercised, as they are capable jumpers when motivated. Additionally, the fence should extend into the ground or have no gaps at the bottom, as some individuals may attempt to dig under fencing when pursuing prey.

The grooming needs of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are moderate but consistent. The silky coat requires brushing several times per week to prevent mats and tangles, with daily brushing recommended during seasonal shedding periods. Many owners find that a combination of a pin brush for everyday grooming and a slicker brush for removing loose undercoat during shedding works well. The coat behind the ears, under the legs, and in the feathering on the hindquarters and tail requires particular attention, as these areas are prone to matting. Bathing is needed only occasionally, typically every few months or when the dog becomes dirty.

One interesting aspect of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya grooming is that the breed is relatively clean and tends not to develop strong dog odor, even when the coat becomes dirty. Many owners compare them to cats in this regard. The dogs often clean themselves somewhat like cats and are typically fastidious about their personal cleanliness. This trait, combined with their quiet nature indoors, makes them pleasant house companions despite their large size.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya's relationship with children requires consideration. While generally gentle and tolerant, especially with children in their own family, their large size can pose challenges with very young children who might be accidentally knocked over. Additionally, the breed's somewhat refined and sensitive nature may not mesh well with the rough-and-tumble play style of some children. Older, dog-savvy children who can interact respectfully with the dog often form wonderful bonds with these gentle giants. As with any large breed, supervision of interactions between dogs and children is always recommended.

Exercise requirements for the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are both simple and absolute: these dogs need opportunities to run. While they can be surprisingly inactive indoors and may appear content to lounge for hours, they require regular chances to stretch their legs and run at full speed. Ideally, they should have access to a safely fenced area where they can gallop freely several times per week. Many owners find that their Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya will run full speed around the yard for a few minutes, then return to being calm house dogs. This brief but intense exercise helps keep them physically fit and mentally satisfied.

Organized lure coursing is an excellent activity for Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, allowing them to engage their natural hunting instincts in a controlled setting. In lure coursing, dogs chase an artificial lure (usually white plastic bags) that moves along a course pulled by a motorized system. This activity provides both physical exercise and mental stimulation while satisfying the breed's instinct to pursue prey. Many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya excel at this sport and thoroughly enjoy participating. Other suitable activities include long walks on leash, jogging with their owners, and supervised play in fenced areas with other compatible dogs.

American Kennel Club (AKC)

General Appearance: The Borzoi is a Russian breed of centuries old lineage, a greyhound type to course wolves. The overall impression is that of a tall, graceful, aristocratic dog with a flowing coat. Males are masculine without coarseness, bitches feminine and refined. In both sexes, the structure should be sufficiently sound to serve the Borzoi's original purpose: to pursue, catch and hold wolf prey on varying terrain.

Size, Proportion, Substance: Mature males should be at least 28 inches at the withers, bitches at least 26 inches at the withers. Dogs and bitches below these respective limits should be faulted. Mature males should weigh 75 to 105 pounds, bitches 60 to 85 pounds. Proportions are important, with the overall impression of a somewhat elongated dog. Bone is substantial but not heavy. The bone structure should give strength and durability without affecting freedom of movement.

Head: The head is long, narrow and lean. The topline of the muzzle is parallel to the topline of the skull. In bitches, the head is finer than in dogs. Skull long and narrow, slightly domed. Stop barely perceptible. Muzzle long and tapering in a wedge shape, the length of the muzzle from nose to stop roughly equal to the length of the skull from stop to occiput. Nose large and black, or in lighter colored dogs, black-brown or self-colored. Jaws strong and deep, with a full dentition and scissors bite. Eyes dark in color, set somewhat obliquely, almond shaped. Ears small and fine in quality, mobile, and responsive, set on high, and when in repose lying back on the neck with the tips often touching behind the occiput. When alert, the ears may be semi-erect.

Neck, Topline, Body: Neck slightly arched, strong and powerful. Body long and graceful. The topline rises slightly over the loin and curves gently downward over the croup. Chest moderately narrow, very deep, reaching to the elbows. Ribs barely sprung but not flat sided. Loin extremely muscular but rather tucked up. The arch is seen over the loin and croup. Croup long, slightly sloping. Tail long, set on and carried low in a graceful curve.

Forequarters: Shoulders sloping, fine at the withers and free from lumber. Forelegs straight and parallel, viewed from the front. Pasterns strong. Feet hare shaped with well arched knuckles, toes close and well padded.

Hindquarters: Long and powerful, with well developed musculature. Seen from the rear, the hind legs are parallel. Angulation of the hindquarters is balanced with the forequarters. Thighs and second thighs well developed. Stifles well bent. Hocks clean and well let down. Dewclaws, if any, should be removed. Feet as in front.

Coat: Long, silky, flat, wavy or rather curly coat. The coat is shorter and smoother on head, ears and front of legs; longer on body with heavy feathering on hindquarters and tail. On males, there is a profuse frill on neck. The coat may be any color or combination of colors.

Gait: In the trot, the Borzoi should move with a free flowing, easy, and graceful action. As speed increases, the feet tend toward a center line. At the gallop, the Borzoi shows the agility and power to course game.

Temperament: The Borzoi is generally a quiet, sensible, and intelligent dog. They are affectionate with their family but can be reserved with strangers.

Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)

FCI Standard No. 193, Group 10 Section 1 - Longhaired or fringed Sighthounds

Origin: Russia (Soviet Union). Patronage FCI.

General Appearance: Large, elegant dog with dry and well developed musculature. The bone structure is slightly elongated. Females are generally longer than males. The bone is strong but not massive. All forms of coarseness are highly undesirable. The skin is thin and supple.

Important Proportions: In males, the length of the body slightly exceeds the height at the withers; in females it may be equal or slightly more. The depth of the chest is approximately equal to half the height at the withers. The length of the foreface from tip of nose to stop is equal to or slightly longer than the skull from the stop to the occiput.

Behavior and Temperament: Calm, balanced temperament. Eyesight very keen. Reaction to moving objects is spontaneous. Somewhat reserved character.

Head: Long, dry, narrow, in proportion to the size of the dog. Viewed from above, narrow and slightly wedge-shaped; from the side, the topline of the skull and foreface forms an almost straight line. Skull long, narrow, flat; occipital protuberance clearly visible. Stop barely perceptible. Foreface long, tapering towards the nose but not pointed. Bridge of nose slightly convex in the region of the stop. Length of foreface from tip of nose to the inner corner of the eye slightly exceeds the length of skull from the inner corner of the eye to occiput. Nose large, mobile, protruding well beyond the lower jaw. Nose is black, whatever the color of the coat.

Eyes: Large, expressive, dark brown or hazel brown in color regardless of coat color. Set rather obliquely. Eyes without visible haw, with black eye rims.

Ears: Set on high, fine and mobile. When alert, tips of raised ears are directed to the side or backwards. In rest, ears are laid back along the neck with tips close together. Tips of ears should reach the inner corner of eyes when brought forward.

Neck: Long, dry, muscular, slightly arched. Set on high.

Body: Well proportioned. Withers not pronounced. Back forms a harmonious, wide arch which is much more pronounced in males. The highest point of the curve is over the last rib or in the region of 1st and 2nd lumbar vertebrae. Loin long, well muscled and fairly well tucked up. Croup long, wide and slightly sloping. The distance from the highest point of the arch to the hip bones is approximately 8 cm in males and 6 cm in females. Chest deep, oval in form, ribs are slightly sprung, long. Chest descends to elbow or below. Region of the shoulder blades is much wider than the thorax.

Tail: Sickle or saber-shaped, set on low. Thin. Passing between the hind legs should reach the hip bone. When the dog is relaxed, the tail is carried low; when moving, the tail is raised but not above the line of the back.

Limbs - Forequarters: Seen from the front, straight and parallel. Foreleg from foot to elbow is equal to or slightly longer than the depth of chest at the elbows. Shoulder blade long and oblique. Upper arm fairly long, set obliquely. Angle of shoulder joint well defined. Forearm long, dry, muscular, oval in cross section. Metacarpus rather long, broad and slightly sloping. Forefeet oval, narrow, with well arched toes close together.

Hindquarters: Seen from behind, straight and parallel, set slightly wider than forelegs. Upper thigh well developed with good musculation. Stifle joint well angulated. Lower thigh long. Hock well let down. Metatarsus long, placed nearly vertically. Hind feet oval, narrow, with well arched toes, well closed.

Gait/Movement: Characteristic for the breed. At slow pace a sweeping trot; when rushing, bounds interspersed with great leaps.

Coat - Hair: Soft, silky, wavy or forming large curls; never short and evenly dense. On the head, ears and fronts of limbs, the hair is short, silky and close lying. On the body, the hair is fairly long and wavy; on the sides of the thighs and the croup, it forms curls. The hair on the underside of the chest and belly is longer. Feathering on thighs and forelegs. The tail has a profuse, long feathering. Coat on neck is thick and forms a frill.

Color: Any color, solid or in combination. White, all shades of fawn from pale cream to red (with or without darkening down the spine), grey, black, brindle, or any combination of these colors. All colors may have typical markings: a dark face mask, dark ears, and shading on the limbs. White markings on head, neck, chest, belly, feet and tip of tail are acceptable.

United Kennel Club (UKC)

The United Kennel Club recognizes the Borzoi in the Sighthound and Pariah Group. The UKC standard emphasizes that the Borzoi is a powerful galloping hound that possesses courage and combines speed, power, and endurance with beauty and grace. The standard describes similar physical characteristics to the AKC standard, with emphasis on the breed's functional construction for coursing game. The UKC standard notes that the Borzoi should be of sufficient size and strength to hold large quarry such as wolves.

Other Organizations

The Borzoi is recognized by virtually all major kennel clubs worldwide, including The Kennel Club (UK), Canadian Kennel Club, Australian National Kennel Council, and New Zealand Kennel Club. While specific wording may vary, all breed standards emphasize the same essential characteristics: a tall, elegant sighthound with a flowing coat, capable of great speed and endurance, with a gentle and aristocratic temperament. The breed is classified as a sighthound in all major registry organizations.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya has a rich and fascinating history that spans many centuries in Russia. The exact origins of the breed are somewhat obscure and debated by historians, but it is generally accepted that sighthound-type dogs have existed in Russia since at least the 13th century. These early sighthounds were likely brought to Russia by the Mongol invasions and trading routes that connected Russia with Middle Eastern and Central Asian regions where sighthounds had existed for millennia.

The development of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya as we know it today began in earnest during the 17th century among the Russian nobility. The harsh climate and terrain of Russia required a hunting dog that differed from the smooth-coated sighthounds of warmer regions. Russian breeders began crossing the existing sighthounds with other breeds that possessed thick, weather-resistant coats to create a dog that could withstand the brutal Russian winters while still maintaining the speed and hunting ability necessary for coursing game. Some historical accounts suggest that breeds such as the Laika, Owtchar (a Russian sheepdog), and possibly Collie-type dogs were used in these early breeding programs, though definitive records from this period are scarce.

By the 18th and 19th centuries, wolf hunting with Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya had become an elaborate and highly ritualized sport among the Russian aristocracy. These hunts were grand social events that could involve hundreds of people, dozens of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, packs of foxhounds, and numerous horses. The typical hunting method involved using scent hounds to locate wolves hiding in cover. Once the wolves broke cover, mounted hunters would release pairs of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya to pursue them. The dogs would chase the wolves at incredible speeds across the open steppes and, upon catching up, would grab the wolf by the neck and wrestle it to the ground, holding it until the hunters arrived to dispatch the animal.

These hunts required dogs of exceptional courage, speed, endurance, and strength. Wolves are formidable opponents, capable of inflicting serious injury or death on dogs. The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya developed into a dog that could match a wolf's speed (wolves can run up to 35 miles per hour), possessed enough size and strength to bring down such dangerous prey, yet remained elegant and beautiful enough to appeal to aristocratic sensibilities. The breed's characteristic arch over the loin served as a spring-like mechanism that enhanced their galloping ability and provided power for sudden bursts of speed and quick turns necessary when pursuing agile prey.

During the height of the breed's development in the 19th century, many wealthy Russian nobles maintained large kennels of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. These kennels were often quite specialized, with different families developing distinct strains that emphasized particular characteristics. Some kennels were famous for producing dogs of exceptional speed, others for dogs of great size and strength, and still others for dogs of particular beauty or distinctive coloring. Careful breeding records were maintained, and the exchange of dogs between prestigious kennels helped improve and standardize the breed.

One of the most famous kennels was that of Grand Duke Nicholas Nicolaievich, who maintained a kennel of over 100 Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya at Perchino, his estate south of Moscow. The Grand Duke was a passionate advocate for the breed and worked diligently to establish a breed standard and maintain breeding records. He collaborated with other prominent breeders to form the Imperial Association for the Propagation of Hunting and Sporting Dogs in 1873, which helped standardize the breed and promote responsible breeding practices. The Perchino strain became legendary and heavily influenced Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya development both in Russia and abroad.

The breed began to be exported from Russia in significant numbers during the late 19th century. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya were presented as diplomatic gifts to European royalty and were also purchased by wealthy dog enthusiasts in England, Germany, France, and other European countries. The breed's exotic appearance and aristocratic associations made them highly fashionable among European nobility. In England, the breed became particularly popular after the Prince of Wales (later King Edward VII) received Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya as gifts from the Russian imperial family. Queen Victoria and other members of the British royal family also kept Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, further enhancing the breed's prestige.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya arrived in the United States during the 1880s. The American Kennel Club officially recognized the breed in 1891. Early imports to America came from both Russia and England, and American breeders worked to maintain the qualities that had made the breed famous in their homeland. The breed was initially known as the Russian Wolfhound in America, a name that emphasized their original hunting purpose and exotic origins. This name remained in common use until 1936, when the breed club officially adopted the name "Borzoi" to align with international nomenclature.

The Russian Revolution of 1917 nearly proved catastrophic for the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. As symbols of the aristocracy they had served for centuries, many dogs were destroyed during the revolutionary period. Hunting estates were seized, kennels disbanded, and countless dogs perished. The breed survived in Russia primarily because some individuals managed to protect small numbers of dogs, and because populations existed outside Russia in Europe and America. After the revolution, Russian breeding programs did continue on a limited scale, but the breed never regained its former prominence in its homeland.

Fortunately, the dogs that had been exported before the revolution formed the foundation for continuing the breed internationally. Breeders in England, America, and other countries carefully preserved the bloodlines they possessed and worked to maintain breed type. The breed's popularity waxed and waned over the decades, but a core group of dedicated enthusiasts ensured the breed's survival and continued development. During the mid-20th century, the breed began to transition from purely a hunter's companion and aristocratic status symbol to primarily a companion animal and show dog, though some breeders maintained working lines that continued to course game.

Today, the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya exists primarily as a companion dog and show dog, though the breed still participates in lure coursing events that allow them to exercise their instinctive hunting abilities in a controlled setting. The breed has a dedicated following worldwide, with active breed clubs in many countries working to preserve breed type and promote responsible ownership. While never among the most popular breeds numerically, the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya maintains a steady presence in the dog fancy and continues to attract people who appreciate their unique combination of elegance, athleticism, and gentle temperament.

Modern Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya retain the physical characteristics and temperament that their ancestors possessed centuries ago. Breeders have been remarkably successful in maintaining breed type, and dogs from different countries and continents remain recognizably similar to historical photographs and paintings of the breed. The breed's hunting instincts remain strong, their gentle nature with people is unchanged, and their breathtaking beauty continues to captivate all who see them. While the grand wolf hunts of imperial Russia are now history, the magnificent dogs who participated in those hunts live on, cherished by admirers around the world who appreciate their heritage and continue to celebrate these living links to a fascinating past.

The primary historical function of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya was coursing wolves and other large game on the vast open steppes of Russia. This specialized hunting role shaped every aspect of the breed's physical structure and temperament. Unlike pack hounds that follow scent trails, sighthounds like the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya hunt by sight, spotting prey at great distances and pursuing it at high speed. The breed needed exceptional visual acuity to spot game across the expansive Russian landscape, explosive acceleration to catch prey that had a head start, sustained speed to maintain a chase that could cover several miles, and sufficient courage and strength to confront and hold dangerous quarry such as wolves.

In the traditional Russian wolf hunt, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya typically worked in pairs or sometimes trios. The hunters would arrange themselves in a line across terrain where wolves were known to hide during daylight hours. Beaters or scent hounds would drive the wolves from cover. As soon as a wolf broke into the open, hunters would release a carefully matched pair of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, typically a male and female or two males selected for their complementary hunting styles. The dogs would race after the fleeing wolf at speeds that could exceed 35 miles per hour across uneven terrain.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya's long, powerful legs provided the stride length necessary for sustained high-speed running, while their deep chest accommodated the large heart and lungs essential for providing oxygen during intense exertion. The characteristic arch over the loin served as a flexible spring, storing and releasing energy with each bound and providing additional propulsion. The strong, well-bent hindquarters generated explosive power for acceleration and the quick turns needed to match a wolf's evasive maneuvers. The long, low-set tail acted as a rudder, helping maintain balance during high-speed turns.

When the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya caught up with the wolf, which typically occurred after a chase of several hundred yards to several miles, the dogs would attack from both sides simultaneously. Their technique involved seizing the wolf by the neck or shoulders and using their weight and momentum to bring the animal down. Once pinned, the dogs would hold the wolf immobile until the mounted hunters arrived to complete the kill. This required not only speed and strength but also exceptional courage, as wolves are dangerous opponents capable of inflicting severe injuries on attacking dogs. Many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya bore scars from encounters with wolves, testifying to the genuine danger involved in their work.

Beyond wolves, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya were also used to hunt other game species including foxes, hares, and even bears on occasion. The breed's versatility as a hunter made them valuable in different seasons and for various types of quarry. When coursing smaller game like foxes or hares, a single dog or smaller team might be used, and the dogs could usually dispatch these animals without human intervention. For larger or more dangerous game, larger teams of dogs and more direct human involvement were necessary.

An important aspect of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya's function was the need to work cooperatively with other dogs while maintaining individual initiative. During hunts, multiple pairs of dogs might be released in succession, and dogs needed to focus on their own assigned quarry without interference from other dogs working nearby. Simultaneously, dogs hunting as a pair needed to coordinate their attacks on the same animal, approaching from different angles and timing their strikes to be most effective. This required a delicate balance between independent thinking and cooperative behavior.

The breed's temperament reflects their hunting function. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya needed to be calm and controllable before the hunt, waiting patiently on slip leads while excitement built around them. They needed to explode into action instantly when released, pursuing their quarry with intense focus and determination. Yet they also needed to be gentle enough that handlers could approach and work with them safely, and they needed to cease aggression toward the quarry once it was dead or once handlers called them off. This combination of controlled energy, intense prey drive, and fundamental gentleness with people characterizes the breed to this day.

In modern times, the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya's original hunting function has largely been replaced by participation in lure coursing, a sport that simulates coursing prey. In lure coursing, an artificial lure consisting of white plastic bags is pulled along a prescribed course by a motorized system. The lure zigzags across an open field, mimicking the movement of fleeing game. Dogs chase the lure, and judges evaluate their speed, enthusiasm, agility, and endurance. This sport allows Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya to exercise their natural instincts in a controlled, safe environment without harm to live animals.

Some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya in certain regions still participate in actual hunting, though this is rare and subject to local laws and regulations. In some American states where coyotes or other predators are numerous and cause problems for livestock, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya may be used for predator control. Some owners in rural areas provide opportunities for their dogs to course rabbits or other legal game species. However, the vast majority of Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya today serve primarily as companions and show dogs rather than working hunters.

Despite the change in primary function, responsible breeders maintain the physical and temperamental qualities that made the breed effective hunters. This helps ensure that Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya remain sound, athletic dogs capable of performing the work for which they were originally developed, even if most individual dogs never pursue live game. Maintaining working ability in the breed population preserves genetic diversity and helps prevent the physical exaggerations and temperament problems that can develop when breeds are selected purely for appearance without regard to function.

Today's Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya serves multiple functions beyond their historical role. As companion animals, they provide devoted companionship to their families, offering affection in their quiet, dignified manner. Their calm demeanor indoors makes them suitable house dogs despite their large size. Their beauty and elegance make them competitive in the show ring, where they can display the structural correctness and graceful movement that their ancestors needed for coursing. Their gentle nature makes them suitable therapy dogs for some owners, bringing comfort to people in hospitals, nursing homes, and similar settings. Their participation in lure coursing preserves their heritage while providing healthy exercise and mental stimulation.

The behavioral characteristics of the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya reflect both their aristocratic heritage and their functional history as hunting dogs. One of the most distinctive aspects of their behavior is the dichotomy between their calm, quiet demeanor in the home and their explosive energy when pursuing prey or running. This dual nature sometimes surprises new owners who expect a consistently high-energy dog given the breed's size and athletic ability. Understanding this fundamental characteristic is essential for anyone considering the breed.

Indoors, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are remarkably peaceful and undemanding. They spend large portions of their day resting or sleeping, often seeking out comfortable furniture where they can lounge for hours. Many owners describe them as cat-like in their behavior, as they tend to move around the house quietly, keep themselves clean, and enjoy finding sunny spots for napping. They are not generally rambunctious or destructive, provided their exercise needs are met. This calm indoor behavior makes them surprisingly suitable for various living situations, including apartments, despite their large size.

However, this peaceful demeanor can transform instantly when the dog's prey drive is triggered. The sight of something small and fast-moving can cause even the most sedate Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya to spring into action with startling speed. This intense prey drive is not a behavioral flaw but rather a fundamental instinct that has been carefully preserved through centuries of selective breeding. Owners must understand and respect this instinct, taking appropriate precautions to prevent situations where the dog might injure itself or small animals while pursuing prey.

The prey drive manifests differently depending on the individual dog and the situation, but certain patterns are common. Most Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya will show interest in small animals they see moving, such as squirrels, rabbits, or birds. The degree of interest can range from simply watching alertly to intense fixation and attempts to chase. Once a chase begins, the dog typically becomes entirely focused on the pursuit, often becoming deaf to commands or oblivious to dangers like roads or fences. This tunnel vision during pursuit is one reason why Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya should never be trusted off-leash in unfenced areas.

Sociability varies among individual Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, though certain breed tendencies exist. Most are generally friendly with people they know but reserved with strangers. They typically don't seek attention from unfamiliar people and may seem aloof or indifferent when meeting new individuals. This reserve should not be mistaken for fear or aggression; rather, it reflects the breed's naturally dignified and somewhat independent character. With family members, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are affectionate and devoted, though they express this attachment in gentle, quiet ways rather than through exuberant demonstrations.

Relationships with other dogs are generally positive, especially with other sighthounds or dogs they've been raised with. Many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya enjoy having canine companionship and will play gently with appropriate dog friends. However, their play style tends to be different from many breeds, involving less rough-and-tumble wrestling and more running games or gentle sparring. Some individuals may be somewhat dog-selective, preferring certain dogs while showing less interest in others. Proper socialization during puppyhood helps ensure good canine social skills.

The relationship between Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya and small pets requires careful consideration. Their strong prey drive means they are generally unsafe with cats, rabbits, pet birds, and other small animals unless raised with them from a very young age, and even then supervision is prudent. Some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya raised with cats can learn to coexist peacefully with their own household cats while still viewing strange cats as prey. Others never learn to distinguish between household pets and prey animals. Each dog must be evaluated individually, and owners must be prepared to manage the situation appropriately to ensure the safety of all animals in the household.

Intelligence in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is sometimes underestimated because their independent nature can be mistaken for lack of understanding. These are actually quite intelligent dogs who think independently and may choose to selectively respond to commands. They were bred to make their own decisions while hunting, which required problem-solving abilities and the capacity to assess situations quickly. This intelligence remains but manifests differently than in breeds selected to work under constant human direction. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya learn quickly but need motivation to comply consistently with commands.

Training methods that work well with Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya emphasize positive reinforcement, patience, and consistency. Harsh corrections or punishment-based training typically backfires with this sensitive breed, causing dogs to become more stubborn or even shut down emotionally. Instead, training should be reward-based, using food treats, toys, or praise to motivate desired behaviors. Short, fun training sessions work better than long, repetitive drills, as the breed can become bored with excessive repetition. Finding what motivates individual dogs and using that motivation creatively helps achieve the best training results.

Sensitivity is a hallmark of the breed's temperament. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are quite attuned to their owners' emotions and household atmosphere. They can become stressed or anxious in chaotic, loud, or tense environments. Harsh voices or punishment can have lasting negative effects on their willingness to engage and their overall confidence. This sensitivity means that owners should maintain a calm, consistent approach in all interactions and should provide a peaceful home environment where the dog feels secure.

Exercise needs for Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya involve both quantity and quality. While they need daily physical activity, they're not constantly demanding exercise the way some working breeds are. A typical adult Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya does well with one or two good walks daily plus regular opportunities to run freely in a safely fenced area. The running component is particularly important, as walking alone, even for long distances, doesn't fully satisfy a sighthound's need to stretch out and gallop. Many owners find that their Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya will sprint around the yard intensely for a few minutes, then return to being calm for the rest of the day.

Behavioral problems in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are relatively uncommon when dogs are properly housed, exercised, and socialized. The breed is not typically aggressive, destructive, or excessively vocal. However, problems can develop when breed needs are not met. A Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya denied adequate exercise may develop restlessness, destructive behaviors, or excessive energy. Dogs not properly socialized may become excessively shy or fearful. Dogs subjected to harsh training methods may become stubborn, unresponsive, or develop anxiety issues.

The guarding instinct is minimal to absent in most Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. While they may bark to alert their owners to unusual occurrences, they typically lack the territorial nature and suspicion that characterizes guard dog breeds. This makes them poor choices for anyone seeking a protection dog. Most Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya would greet an intruder with curiosity or indifference rather than aggression, though their imposing size might provide some deterrent effect. Their value lies in their companionship and beauty rather than any protective qualities.

Separation anxiety can develop in some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, though it's not universal to the breed. Dogs strongly bonded to their owners may become distressed when left alone for extended periods. Gradual acclimation to alone time, starting from puppyhood, helps prevent this problem. Providing appropriate mental stimulation through puzzle toys or food-dispensing toys can help dogs remain occupied during their owners' absence. Having another dog as a companion often helps, as many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya do better with canine company than when truly alone.

Vocalization patterns in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya tend toward the quiet side. They don't typically engage in nuisance barking and are generally peaceful housemates in this regard. Some individuals are more vocal than others, but even talkative Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya typically bark less than many breeds. They may vocalize when excited about something, when alerting to unusual sounds or sights, or during play with other dogs. This generally quiet nature is appreciated by owners and neighbors alike.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya forms deep, lasting bonds with family members and can be an excellent addition to the right household. Their gentle nature, calm demeanor indoors, and relatively low-maintenance temperament make them surprisingly adaptable family companions despite their large size and specialized heritage. However, prospective owners should carefully consider whether their family lifestyle and environment can meet the breed's particular needs and whether the breed's characteristics align with their expectations and preferences.

With adult family members, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya typically develop strong attachments characterized by quiet devotion rather than demonstrative affection. These dogs enjoy being near their people and often follow family members from room to room, seeking proximity without being demanding of attention. They appreciate gentle handling and calm interaction, often enjoying quiet companionship such as lounging beside someone reading or watching television. Many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya lean against their owners or rest their heads in laps, expressing affection through these gentle physical contacts.

The breed generally adapts well to families with older, dog-savvy children who understand how to interact respectfully with dogs. Children who can be calm around the dog, who don't engage in rough play or make sudden movements that might startle a sleeping dog, and who can follow rules about walking and handling the dog properly often develop wonderful relationships with Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. These dogs can be remarkably gentle and tolerant with children they know well, showing patience with childish behaviors and forming protective bonds with young family members.

However, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya and very young children require careful consideration. The breed's large size poses an accidental injury risk to toddlers or small children who might be knocked over by an exuberant greeting or bumped by a long tail. Additionally, the breed's somewhat refined and sensitive nature may not mesh well with the noise, chaos, and rough-and-tumble play typical of households with multiple young children. Young children's sudden movements, loud voices, and unpredictable behavior can stress sensitive Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, potentially leading to avoidance behaviors or, in rare cases, fear-based reactions.

Families considering a Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya should assess whether they can provide adequate supervision to ensure safe interactions between dogs and children. No dog of any breed should be left unsupervised with young children, but this is particularly important with large breeds. Teaching children appropriate ways to interact with dogs, respecting the dog's space, and ensuring the dog has a safe retreat area where children understand they must not disturb the dog are all essential elements of successful integration.

The breed's exercise requirements affect family dynamics significantly. Families must be committed to providing daily exercise including regular opportunities for the dog to run freely in safe, enclosed spaces. This typically means having access to a securely fenced yard or regularly traveling to enclosed dog parks or fields where the dog can safely run off-leash. Families whose lifestyle doesn't accommodate this level of exercise commitment should reconsider whether the breed is appropriate for their situation. A Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya denied adequate running exercise becomes restless and may develop behavioral problems.

Secure fencing is absolutely essential for families with Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. The fence must be at least six feet high to prevent jumping, and should have no gaps at ground level that might allow digging escapes. The prey drive is so strong in this breed that even well-trained dogs may take off in pursuit of wildlife if they're outside in unfenced areas. Many families have tragically lost Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya who ran into traffic or became lost while pursuing prey. Underground invisible electric fences are not appropriate for this breed, as the desire to chase prey can override the training and discomfort associated with these systems.

Living space considerations matter less than might be expected given the breed's size. While a house with a yard is ideal, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya can adapt to apartment living if their exercise needs are met through daily walks and regular trips to places where they can run. Their calm, quiet nature indoors actually makes them more suitable for apartment life than many smaller, more energetic breeds. However, families must be realistic about their ability to provide adequate exercise if a fenced yard is not available.

The presence of other pets in the family requires careful consideration. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya generally do well with other dogs, particularly other large breeds or sighthounds. Many families successfully keep multiple Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya together, and the dogs seem to enjoy having canine companionship. However, small dogs can sometimes trigger prey drive, particularly if they run or make high-pitched sounds. Families with small breed dogs should introduce new Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya carefully and supervise interactions initially.

Cats and other small pets present significant challenges for most families with Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. The breed's prey drive makes them potentially dangerous to small animals that run. Some individual Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya raised with cats from puppyhood learn to accept those specific cats as family members rather than prey, but this is not universal, and such dogs may still pursue strange cats. Families with cats or other small pets should carefully evaluate whether they can manage the situation safely, which might include keeping animals permanently separated or always supervising interactions.

Time commitment extends beyond exercise to include grooming, training, and general care. The silky coat requires brushing several times weekly to prevent mats and remove loose hair, with more frequent grooming during shedding seasons. Training, while not intensive, requires consistency and patience over time to establish basic manners and ensure the dog is well-socialized. Veterinary care, including routine checkups and prompt attention to any health issues, requires both time and financial commitment. Families should honestly assess whether they can make these ongoing commitments.

Financial considerations are significant for any large breed dog. Beyond the initial purchase price, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya require substantial ongoing expenses including high-quality food appropriate for large breeds, routine veterinary care, emergency medical treatment when needed, grooming supplies, and proper fencing. Some families find pet insurance valuable for managing potential emergency medical costs. Those unable to comfortably afford these expenses should reconsider dog ownership or consider a smaller, less expensive breed.

Families who travel frequently must plan for their Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya's care during absences. The breed can be challenging to board, as many commercial boarding facilities are not equipped to handle giant breeds safely or don't understand sighthound temperament and needs. Finding reliable pet sitters or having family members who can care for the dog often works better. Some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya travel well in vehicles and can accompany families on trips, though advance planning for pet-friendly accommodations and activities is necessary.

The breed integrates best into families who appreciate their unique characteristics rather than expecting them to behave like other breeds. Families who understand that Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are not Golden Retrievers or Labrador Retrievers in sighthound bodies, but rather have their own distinctive personality profile, tend to be most satisfied. These dogs reward appreciation of their elegance, their gentle nature, their quiet dignity, and their occasional bursts of breathtaking speed and grace. They're not the right choice for families wanting a dog that plays fetch endlessly, swims enthusiastically, or serves as a jogging partner on daily long-distance runs. They are the perfect choice for families who want a beautiful, calm, affectionate companion who occasionally reminds them of their heritage by demonstrating the speed and grace that made them legendary hunters.

Successful integration also requires understanding the breed's sensitivity to household dynamics. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya thrive in peaceful, stable home environments where routines are consistent and household stress is minimal. Families experiencing significant turmoil, frequent dramatic changes, or high-conflict situations may find that their Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya becomes anxious or develops behavioral issues. These dogs do best when they know what to expect and when their environment feels safe and predictable. Families able to provide this stability often find that their Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya becomes an integral, cherished family member who enriches their lives for many years.

The Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is generally a healthy breed with fewer genetic health problems than many purebred dogs. However, like all breeds, particularly large and giant breeds, they are predisposed to certain health conditions that potential owners should understand. Responsible breeders conduct health testing on breeding stock to reduce the incidence of hereditary conditions, and prospective puppy buyers should inquire about health clearances for both parents before making a purchase decision.

The typical lifespan for a Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya ranges from 9 to 14 years, with many individuals living 10 to 12 years. This is comparable to other large and giant breed dogs and represents a reasonable life expectancy for a dog of this size. Factors affecting individual longevity include genetics, overall health care, diet, exercise, and environmental factors. Dogs from lines with demonstrated longevity and those receiving excellent preventive veterinary care throughout their lives tend to live toward the upper end of the expected range.

One of the most serious health concerns for Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya is gastric dilatation-volvulus, commonly known as bloat or GDV. This life-threatening condition occurs when the stomach fills with gas and twists on itself, cutting off blood flow. GDV is a medical emergency requiring immediate veterinary intervention. Deep-chested breeds like the Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya are at elevated risk for this condition. Signs of bloat include unsuccessful attempts to vomit, excessive drooling, restlessness, a distended abdomen, and signs of pain. Any dog showing these symptoms requires immediate emergency veterinary care.

Several risk factors for bloat have been identified, and owners can take steps to reduce risk. Feeding multiple small meals rather than one large meal daily helps prevent excessive stomach distension. Avoiding vigorous exercise immediately before or after meals reduces the chance of stomach twisting. Using elevated food bowls is controversial, with some research suggesting they may actually increase risk rather than decrease it. Some owners opt for prophylactic gastropexy, a surgical procedure that attaches the stomach to the body wall, preventing it from twisting even if it becomes distended. This procedure is sometimes performed when dogs are spayed or neutered, particularly if the dog comes from lines where bloat has occurred frequently.

Cardiac issues occur in some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya, with dilated cardiomyopathy being the most significant concern. In this condition, the heart muscle becomes weakened and enlarged, reducing the heart's ability to pump blood effectively. Early signs may include decreased exercise tolerance, difficulty breathing, coughing, or episodes of collapse. Some dogs show no symptoms until the condition is advanced. Regular veterinary examinations including cardiac auscultation can help detect heart abnormalities. Advanced screening through echocardiogram can identify problems before symptoms appear, and some breeders screen breeding stock for cardiac issues.

Hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces insufficient thyroid hormone, affects some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. Symptoms can include weight gain, lethargy, coat changes such as excessive shedding or poor coat quality, cold intolerance, and behavioral changes. The condition is diagnosed through blood testing and is easily treated with daily thyroid hormone supplementation. Dogs receiving appropriate treatment typically show improvement in symptoms within a few weeks and can live normal, healthy lives with ongoing medication.

Hip dysplasia, a malformation of the hip joint that can lead to arthritis and pain, occurs in some Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya though typically at lower rates than in many other large breeds. Responsible breeders have their breeding stock evaluated by the Orthopedic Foundation for Animals or through PennHIP evaluation to screen for this condition. Puppies from parents with good hip scores have lower risk of developing problems. Maintaining appropriate weight, avoiding obesity, and providing appropriate exercise helps minimize symptoms even in dogs with hip dysplasia.

Eye problems in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya include progressive retinal atrophy, a genetic condition that causes gradual vision loss and eventual blindness. Responsible breeders have their breeding stock examined by veterinary ophthalmologists and may use genetic testing when available. While there is no treatment for PRA, dogs that lose vision gradually often adapt well to their blindness, particularly in familiar environments. Other eye issues that may occur include cataracts and retinal dysplasia.

Osteosarcoma, or bone cancer, occurs in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya at rates similar to other large and giant breeds. This aggressive cancer typically affects the long bones of the legs and causes pain, lameness, and swelling. Treatment typically involves amputation of the affected limb combined with chemotherapy. Prognosis varies depending on how early the cancer is detected and whether it has metastasized to the lungs or other organs. Regular veterinary care and prompt attention to any unexplained lameness or swelling can help with early detection.

Sensitivity to anesthesia is an important consideration for Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya and other sighthounds. Like other breeds with very low body fat, Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya can be more sensitive to anesthetics, particularly barbiturates. Veterinarians experienced with sighthounds use appropriate anesthetic protocols and careful monitoring to ensure safe procedures. Owners should always inform their veterinarian that their dog is a sighthound before any procedure requiring sedation or anesthesia.

Drug sensitivities extend beyond anesthetics. Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya have less body fat than many breeds, which can affect drug metabolism and distribution. They may require lower doses of certain medications based on individual weight rather than standard dosing for large breeds. Working with a veterinarian familiar with sighthounds helps ensure appropriate medication protocols.

Preventive health care forms the foundation of keeping Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya healthy throughout their lives. Regular veterinary examinations, typically annually for young adults and more frequently for senior dogs, allow for early detection of potential problems. Routine vaccinations, parasite prevention, dental care, and weight management all contribute to overall health and longevity. Establishing a relationship with a veterinarian familiar with large breeds and ideally with sighthound-specific considerations provides the best healthcare for these dogs.

Nutrition plays a significant role in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya health. As large, active dogs, they require high-quality food that provides appropriate nutrition without excessive calories that could lead to obesity. Many owners feed large breed formulations designed to support joint health and appropriate growth rates. Rapid growth in puppies can contribute to developmental orthopedic problems, so controlled growth through appropriate feeding is important during the first two years of life. Adult dogs should be maintained at a lean body condition with ribs easily felt but not prominently visible and a clear waist visible when viewed from above.

Dental health deserves attention in Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya. Regular tooth brushing, dental chews, and professional cleanings when needed help prevent periodontal disease that can affect overall health. The narrow jaw characteristic of sighthounds can sometimes result in crowding of teeth, potentially increasing the risk of dental problems. Regular dental care throughout life helps maintain oral health and can prevent more serious problems.

Senior Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya require special consideration. As dogs age, they may develop arthritis affecting mobility and comfort. Weight management becomes even more important, as excess weight stresses aging joints. Providing soft bedding, ramps or steps to help access furniture or vehicles, and appropriate pain management when needed helps maintain quality of life for aging dogs. Regular veterinary examinations, potentially twice yearly for seniors, help detect age-related conditions early when treatment is most effective.

Despite the health concerns mentioned, many Russkaya Psovaya Borzaya live long, healthy lives with minimal serious health issues. Selecting puppies from health-tested parents, providing excellent preventive care, maintaining appropriate weight and conditioning, and staying alert for signs of potential problems gives dogs the best chance for a long, healthy life. The breed's generally sound structure and lack of extreme physical exaggerations contribute to overall health and longevity.

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