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Pit Bull Breed Description

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Breed Organization

American Pit Bull Terrier Registry

Native Country
United States Of America

Other Names
Old Family Dog, APBT, Pit, Half and Half, Bull Baiter Dogs, American Pit Bull Terrier, Yankee Terrier, Rebel Terrier

Life Expectancy
Approximately 12 Years

Litter Size
Average 5-8 Puppies

Breed Group
Terrier

General Description

The American Pit Bull Terrier (Pit Bull) is a dog breed recognized by the United Kennel Club (UKC) and the American Dog Breeders Association (ADBA), but not the American Kennel Club (AKC). It is a medium-sized, intelligent, short-haired dog, of a solid build, whose early ancestors came from the British Isles. When compared with the English Staffordshire Bull Terrier, the American Pit Bull Terrier is larger by margins of 6–8 inches (15–20 cm) in height and 25–35 pounds (11–16 kg) in weight. The American Pit Bull Terrier varies in size: males are normally about 18–21 inches (45–53 cm) in height and around 35–60 pounds (15–27 kg) in weight, while females are normally around 17–20 inches (43–50 cm) in height and 30–50 pounds (13–22 kg) in weight.

According to the ADBA, the American Pit Bull is described to be medium-sized and has a short coat and smooth well-defined muscle structure, and its eyes are to be round to almond-shaped, and its ears are to be small to medium in length, typically half prick or rose in carriage. The tail is prescribed to be slightly thick and tapering to a point. The coat is required by the ADBA to be glossy, smooth, short, and stiff to the touch. Many colors, color patterns, and combinations of colors are acceptable to the ADBA, except that both the ADBA and UKC do not recognize merle coloring. Color patterns that are typical in the breed are solid and tuxedo.

Despite the colloquial use of the term "pit bull" to encompass a whole category of dogs and the legal use of the term to include several breeds in legislation, some conservative professional breeders of the American Pit Bull Terrier as well as some experts and supporters claim that historically the Pit Bull is the only true "pit bull" and the only breed that should be denominated as such.

Twelve countries in Europe, as well as Australia, Canada, some parts of the United States, Ecuador, Malaysia, New Zealand, Puerto Rico, Singapore, and Venezuela, have enacted some form of breed-specific legislation on pit bull–type dogs, including American Pit Bull Terriers, ranging from outright bans to restrictions and conditions on ownership. Several states in Australia place restrictions on the breed, including mandatory sterilization. The breed is banned in the United Kingdom, in the Canadian province of Ontario, and in many locations in the United States.

At our ranch (FCN) we have rescued several and have found them to be two of the most loving, loyal and affectionate dogs we have ever had the opportunity to work with. It is our opinion that the problem isn't the breed, it's irresponsible ownership, and the lack of understanding/mishandling when it comes to dealing with the nuances of the breed. Both were surrendered for aggressive behavior, and in their past environment that was probably the case. We placed them in our environment with other dogs, and invited them both into our home, and once they bonded, and we earned their trust, they proceeded to protect the pack and our family with complete devotion and unconditional love. This is when we discovered that huge Pit Bull tongue and the very destructive wagging tail and their propensity to give non-stop kisses. I truly love this breed. (Matt Bryant @ FCN)

Breed Standard

Head: The breed's head is often described as brick-like but is actually more in the shape of a wedge.
Muzzle: The muzzle of the Pit may vary in length but a Pit with a well developed head will have a wide muzzle at maturity ending at a muscular jaw.
Eyes: Are round or oval in shape and come in all colors including blue which is caused by the Merle gene. Merle genetics may also reveal itself in blotches on the coat and is typically manifested this way in reds and blues.
Ears: The ears of American Pit Bull Terriers are set rather high on the head and may be cropped or un-cropped based on preference. When a Pit shows interest or expresses joy in something its ears will often move toward each other revealing wrinkles on the forehead.
Nose: Can be any natural color but in most cases are black, red, blue, or speckled.
Body: Pit Bull is a medium sized breed of dog. It has short hair which is relatively smooth to the touch. American Pit Bull Terriers come in all colors and patterns.
Tail: Is often described to resemble a lever and ends in a tip. Although some Pits may have their tail cropped this is not recommended as it affects their balance. A American Pit Bull Terriers tail is never in the shape of a corkscrew.


History

Sometime during the nineteenth century, dog fanciers in England, Ireland, and Scotland began to experiment with crosses between Bulldogs and Terriers, looking for a dog that combined the gameness of the terrier with the strength and athleticism of the Bulldog. The result was a dog that embodied all of the virtues attributed to great warriors: strength, indomitable courage, and gentleness with loved ones. Immigrants brought these bull and terrier crosses to the United States. The American Pit Bull Terrier's many talents did not go unnoticed by farmers and ranchers who used their Pit Bulls for protection, as catch dogs for semi-wild cattle and hogs, to hunt, to drive livestock, and as family companions. Today, the breed continues to demonstrate its versatility, competing successfully in Obedience, Tracking, Agility, Protection, and Weight Pulls, as well as Conformation.


Behavior

Being the descendant of the ancient fighting bulldog, the breed is often considered a dangerous and unsuitable pet. The complete opposite is true of the dog. The aggression that was bred in its ancestors was not directed toward humans, but other dogs. It is actually a breed that is very commonly used as a family pet. The essential characteristics of the breed are strength, confidence, and zest for life. This breed is eager to please and brimming over with enthusiasm. Pit Bulls make excellent family companions and have always been noted for their love of children. The breed's natural agility makes it one of the most capable canine climbers so good fencing is a must for this breed. The Pit Bull is not the best choice for a guard dog since they are extremely friendly, even with strangers. Aggressive behavior toward humans is uncharacteristic of the breed and highly undesirable. This breed does very well in performance events because of its high level of intelligence and its willingness to work.

The smooth, shorthaired coat is easy to groom. Brush regularly with a firm bristle brush, and bathe or dry shampoo as necessary. A rub with a piece of toweling or chamois will make the coat gleam. This breed is an average shedder.

Function

Therapy Work, Guarding, Hunting, Rescue, Pet.


Health

Due to their athleticism and diverse breeding background, the breed tends to be hardy, with an average lifespan of 12 to 14 years, longer than many breeds of a similar size. There are some genetic conditions to be watchful for. The breed tends to suffer from bone diseases such as hip dysplasia, degenerative myelopathy and kneecap dislocation. The breed can also suffer from skin problems, such as mange and skin allergies, because of its short coat. Other health ailments seen in the breed include thyroid and congenital heart defects.

The breed tends to have a higher than average incidence of hip dysplasia. Culling for performance has helped eliminate this problem and others such as patella problems, thyroid dysfunction and congenital heart defects. American Pit Bull Terriers with dilute coat colors have not had a higher occurrence of skin allergies as other breeds. As a breed they are more susceptible to parvovirus than others if not vaccinated, especially as puppies, so vaccination is imperative beginning at 39 days old and continuing every 2 weeks until 4 months old. Then again at 8 months. Once a year after that, as recommend for all breeds.

They are prone to Demodex Mange due to culling for performance. There are two different types of Demodex Mange, namely Localized and Generalized Demodex. Although it is not contagious it is sometimes difficult to treat due to immunodeficiency in some puppies. The localized symptoms are usually loss of hair in small patches on the head and feet of the puppies. This type will usually heal as the puppies grow and their immune systems grow stronger. The second type which is Generalized Demodex mange is a more severe form of the sickness. The symptoms are more severe and include loss of hair throughout the entire body and the skin may also be scabby and bloody. Generalized are usually hereditary due to immunodeficiency genes that are passed on from Sire and Dam to their puppies. A simple skin scraping test will allow the vet to diagnose demodex mange. The most widely used method to treat Demodex Mange is ivermectin injections or oral medications. Since Demodex Mange lives in the hair follicles of the dog, Ivermectin will kill these mites at the source (please consult your vet before taking any action.).



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