LaPerm (Shorthair)
Breed Description

The LaPerm breed name is distinctive and immediately evocative, derived from the term "permanent wave" or "perm"—a hairdressing technique creating curls in straight hair. The prefix "La" was added to give the name a feminine quality and create a memorable, unique designation that captures the breed's defining characteristic: the naturally curly coat that requires no artificial styling. This clever name perfectly encapsulates the breed's most striking feature while creating an easily remembered, distinctive identity that sets it apart from other curly-coated breeds. The name is recognized consistently across all major cat registries including The International Cat Association (TICA) and The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA).

The breed name is pronounced "luh-PERM" in English, with emphasis on the second syllable. The pronunciation is straightforward and intuitive for English speakers, though variations exist in different languages. In French, it might be pronounced with a more French inflection on "La," while in other languages the pronunciation adapts to local phonetics while maintaining the essential elements. Despite these minor variations, the spelling remains consistent internationally, providing clear breed identification across cultures and cat fancy organizations worldwide.

LaPerms are recognized in two coat varieties—longhair and shorthair—though these are considered divisions of a single breed rather than separate breeds. The shorthair variety is specifically called "LaPerm Shorthair" when distinction is necessary, though "LaPerm" alone can refer to either variety depending on context. In cat show and breeding contexts, distinguishing between varieties is important as they compete in separate divisions and have slightly different standards regarding coat length and texture. However, both varieties share the same genetic mutation, body type, and temperament.

Colloquially, LaPerm enthusiasts occasionally use shortened forms like "LP" in written communications, particularly in breeder discussions or online forums. However, this abbreviation is far less common than the full breed name. Some admirers affectionately refer to them as "curly cats" or "wavy cats," though these generic terms could apply to various curly-coated breeds and aren't specific to LaPerms. The full breed name remains standard in most contexts, providing clear identification.

Historically, before the breed was formally named and recognized, the foundation cat and her curly offspring were simply called "curly cats" by their owner, Linda Koehl, who discovered the spontaneous mutation on her Oregon farm. The decision to formalize the breed name as "LaPerm" came during the breed development process in the 1990s when breeders began showing these cats and seeking recognition from cat registries. The name needed to be distinctive, memorable, and descriptive of the breed's unique characteristic, leading to the creative choice of LaPerm.

No significant alternative names or regional variations exist for the LaPerm breed. The name's recent origin (formally established in the 1990s) and the breed's relatively limited geographic distribution have prevented the development of colloquial regional names. In all countries where LaPerms are present, the breed is known simply as LaPerm without translation or significant adaptation. This consistency reflects the modern, standardized nature of international cat fancy where breed names are typically preserved in their original form regardless of language.

The breed is sometimes grouped with other Rex or curly-coated breeds when discussing coat mutations in cats, though this is a categorical reference rather than a name. LaPerms have a genetically distinct mutation from Cornish Rex, Devon Rex, or other curly-coated breeds, making them a unique entity despite superficial coat similarities. The LaPerm name stands alone, immediately recognizable and distinctive, perfectly suited to a breed whose defining curly coat emerged spontaneously in an Oregon barn and captured the imagination of cat lovers worldwide with its unique combination of striking appearance and delightful temperament.

The LaPerm Shorthair presents a striking appearance dominated by its distinctive curly or wavy coat that creates a unique texture unlike any straight-coated breed. The defining characteristic is the coat's natural curl or wave pattern, which varies in tightness from loose waves to tight ringlets depending on the individual cat. This curling occurs naturally from a genetic mutation affecting hair structure—the coat spontaneously forms waves and curls without any human intervention or styling. The shorthair variety displays tighter, more compact curls compared to the longhair version, creating a springy, plush texture often described as resembling a teddy bear, lamb's wool, or tightly crimped fabric.

The coat is short to medium-short in length, with the curls most prominent on the back, sides, flanks, and tail. The curl pattern may be less pronounced on the face and legs, where the coat appears wavy rather than tightly curled. Each hair shaft is textured, creating the overall wavy appearance that gives depth and dimension to the coat. The texture is soft and pleasant to touch, inviting petting and stroking. Unlike some Rex breeds that lack certain hair types, LaPerms have a full coat with all hair types present—the mutation affects hair structure rather than eliminating hair types, creating curls in otherwise normal fur.

One distinctive feature of the LaPerm coat is its development pattern. LaPerm kittens are often born with straight or slightly wavy coats, or sometimes they're born nearly bald and develop their curly coat as they mature. Many LaPerms go through a stage where they shed their kitten coat and appear nearly bald before the adult curly coat grows in, typically by 3-4 months of age. This transformation can be dramatic, with straight-coated kittens eventually developing full, tight curls as adults. The final coat pattern stabilizes around 2-3 years of age, though some variation in curl tightness can occur with seasonal changes or hormonal fluctuations.

LaPerms are accepted in all colors and patterns by registries that recognize the breed, offering remarkable variety. Solid colors include white, black, blue, red, cream, and others. Tabby patterns (classic, mackerel, spotted, ticked) appear in numerous color combinations. Tortoiseshell, calico, bi-color, colorpoint, and essentially any color or pattern occurring in domestic cats is acceptable. Eye color typically corresponds to coat color following standard feline genetics. This color variety means LaPerms can suit any aesthetic preference while maintaining the signature curly coat that defines the breed.

Whiskers and eyebrows may be curled, kinked, or of varying lengths in LaPerms, reflecting the mutation's effect on all hair types. Some LaPerms have very long, dramatically curled whiskers, while others have shorter or even broken whiskers due to the fragile nature of curled hair. This variation in whisker appearance is normal and doesn't impair the cat's functioning. The curly whiskers add to the overall distinctive appearance and immediately signal the breed's unique genetics.

The head is a modified wedge, neither extremely angular nor completely rounded, with gentle contours creating a pleasant expression. The profile shows a slight curve rather than being completely straight or having an extreme break. Cheeks are gently rounded, contributing to the sweet facial expression. The muzzle is neither pointed nor flat, creating balanced proportions. The overall head shape is moderate—neither extreme nor especially distinctive, allowing the curly coat to be the primary focus.

Eyes are medium to large, slightly almond-shaped to rounded, and set at a slight angle that creates an alert, aware expression. Eye color varies with coat color, ranging from gold and copper to green, blue, or odd-eyed in appropriate colors. The expression is typically friendly and engaging, reflecting the breed's affectionate, social temperament. Ears are medium-sized, set continuing the lines of the wedge-shaped head, with slightly rounded tips. Ear furnishings may be present and curled, adding to the distinctive appearance.

The body is medium-sized, semi-foreign in type—neither cobby nor extremely elongated. LaPerms have moderate builds with good muscle tone creating a substantial but not heavy appearance. The body is graceful without being delicate, combining strength with elegance. Males typically weigh 10-14 pounds, while females range 6-10 pounds, with solid muscle providing substance without bulk. The chest is moderately broad, the back is straight and level, and the overall impression is of a well-proportioned, balanced cat.

Legs are medium in length, proportionate to the body, with good muscle tone supporting the frame. The hind legs are slightly longer than forelegs, though not dramatically so. Paws are rounded and proportionate. The tail is medium to long, tapering from base to tip, and covered with the characteristic curly fur that may show ringlets or waves particularly well. When the cat is alert or moving, the tail is typically carried proudly, adding to the overall elegant appearance.

What distinguishes shorthair LaPerms from longhair LaPerms is the coat length and resulting curl pattern. Shorthair LaPerms have tighter, more compact curls creating a distinctly springy texture, while longhair LaPerms have looser, more flowing waves. Both varieties share the same genetic mutation, body type, and temperament. The overall impression of a shorthair LaPerm is of a medium-sized, well-balanced cat with a striking curly coat that immediately captures attention, combined with a sweet expression and engaging presence that makes them as delightful in personality as they are distinctive in appearance.

The LaPerm breed has a recent, well-documented history that began with a spontaneous genetic mutation in a single cat born on a farm in The Dalles, Oregon in 1982. This foundation cat emerged from an otherwise unremarkable litter born to a barn cat owned by Linda and Richard Koehl. One kitten was born completely bald with large ears and a blueprint pattern visible on her skin. Over the next few months, this unusual kitten developed a soft, curly coat unlike her littermates or mother. The Koehls named her "Curly" and simply regarded her as an interesting oddity rather than immediately recognizing her as the foundation of a new breed.

Curly was allowed to breed naturally with the farm's male cats, producing offspring that included both normal-coated and curly-coated kittens. The curly coat appeared in multiple litters, demonstrating that the mutation was hereditary rather than a one-time anomaly. For several years, the Koehls allowed these cats to breed freely without intervention, and the curly-coated cats multiplied on the farm. Linda Koehl eventually realized she had a significant population of curly-coated cats and began researching whether this represented something new in the cat world.

In 1992, after a decade of curly-coated cats living and breeding on her farm, Linda Koehl attended a cat show out of curiosity and brought some of her curly cats to display. The response was overwhelming—cat fanciers and breeders were fascinated by these unique cats with their distinctive curls and friendly temperaments. Encouraged by this reception, Koehl decided to formally develop these cats into a recognized breed. She began documenting pedigrees, establishing a breeding program, and working to understand the genetics behind the curly coat.

Genetic analysis revealed that the LaPerm mutation is dominant, meaning a cat needs only one copy of the gene to display the curly coat. This dominant inheritance pattern differs from many Rex breeds (like Cornish and Devon Rex) where the mutation is recessive. The LaPerm mutation is also different genetically from these other curly-coated breeds, representing a unique genetic change. This discovery confirmed that LaPerms were indeed a new, distinct breed rather than a variation of existing curly-coated breeds.

The breed name "LaPerm" was chosen to reflect the coat's resemblance to a permanent wave or "perm" hairstyle, with the prefix "La" adding a feminine quality. This clever name perfectly captured the breed's defining characteristic while creating a memorable identity. In the early 1990s, Koehl began working with other breeders to establish breeding programs and develop breed standards. The challenge was maintaining the curly coat while establishing consistent type and ensuring genetic health given the breed's narrow founding population.

The International Cat Association (TICA) granted the LaPerm new breed status in 1995, recognizing the breed for registration and allowing it to be shown in new breed classes. This recognition was a significant milestone, validating the breed's uniqueness and establishing formal standards for appearance and temperament. TICA granted championship status to LaPerms in 2003, allowing them to compete fully in cat shows. The Cat Fanciers' Association accepted LaPerms for registration in 2008 and granted championship status in 2011, providing recognition from both major North American cat registries.

As the breed developed, breeders identified two coat varieties—shorthair and longhair—both resulting from the same genetic mutation but expressing differently. The longhair variety has a longer coat with looser, more flowing curls, while the shorthair variety displays tighter, more compact curls. Both varieties are accepted and shown, sometimes in separate divisions depending on the registry. The variation in coat length likely resulted from the diverse genetic background of the founding farm cat population, where both long and short-haired domestic cats contributed to the breed.

Breeding programs expanded beyond Oregon as interest in the breed grew. LaPerms were exported to other states and eventually to other countries including Canada, Europe, Australia, and New Zealand. International breeding programs helped expand the gene pool while maintaining the breed's essential characteristics. The breed gained recognition from additional registries including the Fédération Internationale Féline and various national cat associations, though recognition timing and status varied by organization.

One challenge in developing the breed was maintaining genetic diversity while preserving the distinctive curly coat and establishing consistent type. Outcrossing to domestic cats was permitted in early breeding programs to expand the gene pool, with the dominant nature of the curl gene ensuring curly offspring when breeding a LaPerm to a straight-coated cat. Over time, as the breeding population grew and stabilized, some registries closed the breed to outcrosses, requiring all breeding cats to be LaPerm-to-LaPerm matings to maintain breed purity.

Today, LaPerms remain relatively rare compared to more established breeds but have a devoted following among enthusiasts who appreciate their unique combination of striking appearance and delightful personality. The breed has successfully transitioned from accidental farm cats to recognized pedigree breed while maintaining the friendly, people-oriented temperament that characterized the original farm population. Modern LaPerms are found worldwide, though breeding populations remain modest. Breeders continue working to preserve the breed's health, type, and distinctive curly coat while expanding recognition and popularity. The LaPerm story represents one of the most recent successful natural mutations in domestic cats, demonstrating how spontaneous genetic changes can create entirely new breeds that capture the imagination of cat lovers and establish themselves in the competitive world of pedigreed cats.

The LaPerm temperament is characterized by exceptional affection, people-oriented nature, and gentle friendliness that makes these cats ideal companions for individuals and families seeking an interactive, loving pet. These are quintessential "people cats" that form deep bonds with their families and actively seek human companionship, attention, and involvement in daily activities. The LaPerm personality combines warmth, playfulness, curiosity, and adaptability in a well-balanced package that suits diverse households. Their tendency to touch and paw gently at their owners—often called "tapping" or "patting"—endears them to families who appreciate tactile, interactive feline companions.

Affection is central to the LaPerm personality and the trait most consistently praised by owners. These cats are deeply loving and express their devotion generously through constant companionship, physical contact, and interactive behavior. LaPerms want to be near their people constantly—following from room to room, sitting on laps or beside their humans, sleeping with their owners, and involving themselves in household activities. This devotion is genuine and consistent rather than selectively displayed, making LaPerms reliable sources of feline affection and companionship.

Many LaPerms are classic lap cats that seek out physical contact regularly. They'll climb onto laps during relaxation time, settle beside or on their owners during television watching or reading, and curl up close during sleep. Their soft, curly coat makes cuddling particularly pleasant—the unique texture invites stroking, and most LaPerms clearly enjoy being petted, purring contentedly during petting sessions. This tactile affection creates satisfying bonds between cat and owner, with the distinctive coat adding sensory pleasure to the cuddling experience.

One distinctive behavioral trait of LaPerms is their tendency to reach out and gently touch or pat their owners with their paws. This "tapping" behavior appears to be a characteristic way LaPerms seek attention or express affection. They'll gently pat their owner's face, arm, or leg, sometimes repeatedly, when wanting attention or simply expressing their presence. This gentle touching is endearing rather than demanding, creating a unique form of communication that LaPerm owners quickly learn to recognize and appreciate. Some LaPerms even learn to wave or give "high fives" when encouraged, demonstrating their trainability and desire to interact.

Social nature extends beyond immediate family to include strangers and visitors. LaPerms are typically outgoing and friendly with new people, greeting visitors with curiosity and welcome rather than hiding or showing fear. This sociability makes them excellent cats for households that entertain frequently or enjoy having guests. LaPerms often approach visitors, investigate them with friendly interest, and may even seek attention from strangers. This confidence and genuine interest in people reflects their fundamentally social, trusting temperament.

Curiosity is pronounced in LaPerms, driving their interest in their environment and activities happening around them. These cats investigate new items brought into the home, observe household activities with keen interest, and want to know what their people are doing at all times. This curiosity isn't nervous or fearful but rather engaged and interested—LaPerms approach new experiences with confidence and enthusiasm. Their inquisitive nature makes them engaging companions that notice and respond to changes in their environment and family routines.

Playfulness in LaPerms is notable and enduring. These cats enjoy interactive play throughout their lives, maintaining enthusiasm for games well into adulthood. They appreciate wand toys, balls, puzzle toys, and games that engage their hunting instincts and problem-solving abilities. Many LaPerms enjoy fetch, retrieving thrown toys with enthusiasm reminiscent of dogs. Their play style is energetic without being overwhelming—they're playful enough to be entertaining and engaging without demanding constant activity. Play sessions provide physical exercise, mental stimulation, and bonding opportunities between cat and owner.

Intelligence is evident in LaPerms' learning ability and problem-solving skills. These cats understand household routines, recognize patterns, and can be trained to perform tricks or walk on leashes with relative ease. They're quick learners that respond well to positive reinforcement training. Some LaPerms learn to open doors, figure out puzzle feeders rapidly, or solve problems that surprise their owners. This intelligence requires appropriate outlets through puzzle toys, training sessions, and interactive play to prevent boredom and maintain mental engagement.

Vocalization in LaPerms is moderate and pleasant. These cats use soft, melodious voices to communicate with their families—greeting their owners, requesting attention, expressing needs, or simply "conversing" when spoken to. They're not silent cats, but neither are they excessively chatty like some Oriental breeds. Their communication style is conversational and engaging without being overwhelming. LaPerms seem to enjoy dialogue with their people, responding when spoken to and initiating communication when they have something to express. Their gentle voices and pleasant tones make their vocalization charming rather than annoying.

Gentleness characterizes LaPerm interactions with people and other pets. These cats are patient and tolerant, rarely showing aggression even when annoyed. They're more likely to walk away from uncomfortable situations than to scratch or bite. This gentle nature makes them particularly safe companions for families with children or in multi-pet households where tolerance and flexibility are important. LaPerms resolve conflicts through avoidance rather than confrontation, preferring peaceful coexistence to territorial disputes or aggressive interactions.

Adaptability is a strength of the LaPerm temperament. These cats adjust reasonably well to changes in routine, new environments, or household additions when transitions are managed thoughtfully. While they appreciate consistency and routine, they're not rigidly attached to exact schedules or circumstances. This flexibility makes them suitable for various lifestyles and living situations—from quiet singles or couples to active families, from apartments to houses, from single-pet to multi-pet households. LaPerms fit comfortably into different situations as long as their core needs for companionship and affection are met.

LaPerms excel in multi-pet households, getting along well with other cats and cat-friendly dogs. Their social, non-aggressive nature facilitates peaceful coexistence, and many LaPerms actively enjoy having animal companions. They're neither overly dominant nor submissive, instead establishing comfortable relationships based on mutual tolerance and often genuine affection. In multi-pet homes, LaPerms often act as social facilitators, their friendly nature helping maintain household harmony.

Overall, the LaPerm temperament creates an ideal companion for people seeking an affectionate, interactive cat that's genuinely people-oriented and engaging without being demanding or high-maintenance in personality. They're loving enough to form close bonds, playful enough to be entertaining, curious enough to be interesting, and gentle enough to be safe with children and other pets. For households that can provide the companionship these social cats need and appreciate an interactive, loving feline friend with a unique curly coat and endearing tendency to gently pat their humans for attention, the LaPerm offers a delightful combination of beauty, personality, and companionability in a medium-sized, adaptable package.

Caring for a LaPerm Shorthair involves managing their distinctive curly coat, providing adequate mental and physical stimulation, meeting their social needs, and maintaining overall health through preventive care. These cats are relatively moderate in their care requirements—neither extremely high-maintenance nor completely hands-off. Understanding their specific needs, particularly regarding coat care and their strong desire for human companionship, ensures LaPerms remain healthy, happy, and thriving throughout their lives as the affectionate, interactive companions they're meant to be.

Grooming a shorthair LaPerm requires a balanced approach—enough to maintain coat health but not so much that it damages the delicate curls. The curly coat needs regular but gentle attention to remove loose hairs, distribute natural oils, and maintain the curl pattern. Weekly to twice-weekly gentle brushing or combing with a wide-toothed comb or soft brush works well for most shorthair LaPerms. The key is gentle technique—aggressive brushing can damage or break the curled hairs, disrupting the curl pattern and creating a frizzy appearance. Work slowly and carefully, following the direction of coat growth.

Many LaPerm owners find that finger-combing works well for maintenance grooming. Running fingers gently through the coat removes loose hairs while preserving curl integrity. This hands-on approach also provides bonding time and allows for skin examination. Some groomers recommend misting the coat lightly with water before grooming to minimize hair breakage and enhance curl definition, though this isn't necessary for routine maintenance. The goal is removing loose undercoat and dead hairs without over-grooming or flattening the curls.

Bathing is occasionally beneficial for LaPerms but requires special technique to preserve the curls. Most LaPerms need bathing only 3-4 times yearly or when the coat becomes oily or dirty. Use gentle, cat-specific shampoo, massage carefully through the coat, and rinse thoroughly. After bathing, gently squeeze excess water from the coat rather than rubbing vigorously with towels, which can create frizz. Allow the coat to air-dry naturally or use a blow dryer on cool setting with diffuser attachment, scrunching the curls gently while drying to enhance curl definition. Many owners find that bathing actually enhances curl tightness and definition temporarily.

The LaPerm coat may change appearance with seasons, hormonal changes, or after bathing. Some LaPerms develop looser curls in summer and tighter curls in winter. Females may experience coat changes during heat cycles or after spaying. These variations are normal. The coat continues developing and potentially changing until the cat reaches 2-3 years of age, after which it generally stabilizes. Understanding that curl variation is normal prevents unnecessary concern about coat changes.

Exercise needs for LaPerms are moderate—they require daily interactive play but don't demand constant activity. Two to three play sessions of 15-20 minutes each provide adequate physical activity for most LaPerms. Use interactive toys engaging their hunting instincts: feather wands, balls, laser pointers, or small toys they can bat and chase. Many LaPerms enjoy fetch, retrieving thrown toys enthusiastically. Climbing opportunities through cat trees or wall shelves satisfy their moderate climbing instincts and provide additional exercise opportunities.

Mental stimulation is important for these intelligent, curious cats. Puzzle toys, treat-dispensing toys, and rotating toy selection prevent boredom. Some LaPerms enjoy training sessions, learning tricks through positive reinforcement and food rewards. The breed's intelligence and desire to please make them responsive to training. Interactive play provides both physical exercise and mental engagement, addressing both needs simultaneously. Window perches allowing observation of outdoor activity provide passive entertainment and environmental enrichment.

Social needs are significant for LaPerms. These are highly people-oriented cats that don't thrive when left alone for extended periods without interaction. They need regular engagement with their human families—petting, play, conversation, and simply being present. If you work long hours, consider adopting two LaPerms together or ensuring your cat has another compatible pet for companionship. However, even with feline companions, LaPerms still need substantial daily human interaction to remain emotionally healthy. Their social nature makes them less suitable for people who are away from home most of the time without providing companionship alternatives.

Dental care maintains oral health and prevents periodontal disease. Establish tooth brushing routines using cat-specific toothpaste and soft brushes, ideally daily or at minimum 2-3 times weekly. Dental treats or toys designed to reduce tartar supplement brushing but don't replace it. Schedule professional dental cleanings as recommended by your veterinarian, typically every 1-3 years depending on individual oral health. Good dental care prevents painful disease and contributes to overall health.

Nail trimming every 2-3 weeks prevents overgrowth and reduces furniture damage. Provide appropriate scratching posts or pads in various locations, materials, and orientations. Most LaPerms accept nail trimming reasonably well when accustomed to handling from kittenhood. Ear checking during grooming sessions ensures cleanliness—healthy ears are pale pink with minimal wax. Clean only if debris is visible, using cat-specific ear cleaner and cotton balls, never cotton swabs that could damage ear structures.

Safety considerations include protecting LaPerms from outdoor dangers. Their friendly, trusting nature makes them vulnerable to predators, traffic, and theft if allowed outdoors unsupervised. Most breeders and experts recommend keeping LaPerms as indoor-only cats or providing supervised outdoor access through catios, leash walks, or secure yards. Their people-oriented nature means they're not particularly street-smart and may approach dangers that more wary cats would avoid.

Environmental enrichment should accommodate their moderate activity level and social nature. Provide comfortable resting areas near family activities, allowing LaPerms to observe and participate in household life. Window perches for bird and squirrel watching provide entertainment. Safe, interactive toys maintain interest. The most important environmental factor is ensuring regular human interaction and companionship—LaPerms thrive when integrated into family activities rather than being left to entertain themselves independently.

Regular veterinary care maintains long-term health. Schedule annual wellness examinations for adult LaPerms, increasing to biannual visits for seniors over 7-8 years. These checkups should include physical examination, dental evaluation, weight monitoring, and discussion of any behavioral or health changes. Annual bloodwork beginning around age 7-8 screens for kidney disease, hyperthyroidism, and other conditions before clinical symptoms appear. Keep vaccinations current according to your veterinarian's recommendations based on lifestyle and risk factors. Overall, LaPerm care is manageable for most owners, requiring attention to their social needs and gentle coat maintenance while benefiting from their adaptable, easy-going nature and moderate exercise requirements.

Feeding a LaPerm requires attention to nutritional quality and portion control to maintain their moderate build while supporting overall health and their distinctive curly coat. These cats have normal metabolic needs typical of medium-sized domestic cats with moderate activity levels. Providing high-quality nutrition in appropriate portions ensures LaPerms maintain optimal body condition throughout their lives—from energetic kittenhood through active adulthood and into potentially less active senior years. Proper nutrition also supports coat health, which is particularly important for maintaining the quality of their distinctive curly fur.

High-quality commercial cat food meeting AAFCO nutritional standards should form the foundation of the LaPerm diet. Choose premium brands listing quality animal protein sources—chicken, turkey, fish, or other meats—as the first ingredients. Cats are obligate carnivores requiring high-quality animal protein for optimal health. Look for foods containing 30-40% protein from animal sources with moderate fat levels (15-25%) and low carbohydrates. Both wet and dry food can be appropriate, though many veterinarians and breeders recommend combination feeding for balanced nutrition and adequate hydration.

Wet food provides excellent hydration (typically 70-80% moisture content), supports urinary tract health, and often contains higher protein percentages with fewer carbohydrates than dry food equivalents. The moisture content is particularly valuable for cats that don't drink water readily, helping prevent urinary issues and supporting kidney function. Dry food offers convenience, supports dental health through mechanical cleaning during chewing, and provides concentrated calories useful for maintaining weight. A combination approach—wet food for one or two meals and dry for others—offers advantages of both formats while providing dietary variety that many cats appreciate.

Portion control is important for maintaining healthy weight. Adult LaPerms typically require approximately 250-350 calories daily, though individual needs vary based on age, activity level, metabolism, and whether they're spayed or neutered. Altered cats need roughly 25-30% fewer calories than intact cats, yet appetite often remains the same or increases after surgery, making weight gain likely if portions aren't adjusted. Measure food portions precisely using measuring cups or kitchen scales rather than estimating. Free-feeding is generally discouraged—scheduled meals allow better appetite monitoring and prevent overeating that can lead to obesity.

Most LaPerms do well with two to three meals daily rather than one large feeding. Dividing daily portions into multiple meals prevents excessive hunger between feedings, supports steady energy levels, and reduces the likelihood of vomiting from eating too quickly. Establishing consistent feeding times creates routine, which cats generally appreciate. LaPerms learn meal schedules quickly and may vocally remind their owners when feeding time approaches, though their requests are typically gentle and pleasant rather than demanding.

Kitten feeding requires special attention to support proper growth and development. LaPerm kittens are moderately active and grow steadily, typically reaching adult size by 12-18 months though coat development continues longer. Kittens need higher-calorie, protein-rich formulations specifically designed for growth. Feed kittens under six months 3-4 small meals daily, ensuring adequate intake to support their activity level and development. Gradually reduce to 2-3 meals as they approach one year. Transition to adult food around 12 months, monitoring body condition to ensure healthy development without excessive weight gain.

Proper nutrition supports coat health in LaPerms. High-quality protein provides the building blocks for hair growth and maintenance. Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids support skin health and coat shine. Some premium cat foods include these nutrients in appropriate ratios, or supplements can be added under veterinary guidance. Well-nourished LaPerms typically maintain healthy, lustrous curls, while nutritional deficiencies may result in poor coat quality, excessive shedding, or changes in curl pattern. If coat quality deteriorates, consult your veterinarian to rule out nutritional deficiencies or underlying health issues.

Interactive feeding methods can provide mental stimulation for these intelligent, curious cats. Puzzle feeders, treat-dispensing toys, or slow-feed bowls encourage problem-solving while preventing rapid eating. These methods are particularly valuable for LaPerms that eat too quickly or need additional mental engagement. However, ensure the cat successfully obtains adequate food—overly difficult puzzles may cause frustration or insufficient food intake. Start with simpler puzzles and gradually increase difficulty as the cat learns.

Hydration is essential for all cats, supporting kidney function, urinary tract health, and overall wellbeing. Ensure fresh, clean water is always available in multiple locations throughout your home. Some cats prefer wide, shallow water bowls that don't interfere with their whiskers, while others enjoy cat fountains providing circulating water. LaPerms with their curly whiskers may have preferences about water bowl types. Monitor water intake—changes can indicate health problems requiring veterinary attention. Cats eating primarily wet food typically drink less than those on dry food diets, which is normal given wet food's high moisture content.

Treats should comprise no more than 10% of daily caloric intake to prevent nutritional imbalance and excess calories. Choose high-protein, low-calorie treats like freeze-dried meat, small amounts of cooked chicken or turkey, or commercially prepared treats. LaPerms are often food-motivated and respond well to treat-based training, making treats useful for reinforcing desired behaviors. However, account for treat calories in daily portions to prevent weight gain. Avoid toxic foods including chocolate, grapes, raisins, onions, garlic, and products containing xylitol.

Some LaPerms may develop food sensitivities or allergies manifesting as digestive upset, skin irritation, or excessive grooming. If your cat experiences chronic vomiting, diarrhea, or skin problems, consult your veterinarian about potential food sensitivities. Elimination diets using novel protein sources (duck, venison, rabbit) or limited-ingredient formulas can help identify problematic ingredients. Gradual food transitions—mixing new food with old over 7-10 days—prevents digestive upset when changing diets.

Senior LaPerms (typically 7-8+ years) may need dietary adjustments as metabolism slows and activity level potentially decreases. Some seniors require fewer calories to prevent weight gain, while others need higher-quality protein to maintain muscle mass as nutrient absorption efficiency declines. Senior formulas often contain adjusted calorie levels, increased fiber, and nutrients supporting kidney, joint, and cognitive health. However, consult your veterinarian before changing diets, as individual needs vary significantly. Some older LaPerms maintain excellent health on adult formulas throughout their lives.

Monitor body condition regularly rather than relying solely on weight. You should be able to feel the ribs easily but not see them prominently, and there should be a visible waist when viewed from above and a tucked abdomen from the side. The LaPerm's moderate build and curly coat can make body condition assessment slightly challenging—the coat volume may disguise weight changes. Regular weigh-ins (monthly for adults, more frequently for kittens and seniors) help track trends before problems develop. Adjust portions if weight changes occur—even small changes can be significant on a medium-sized cat. Overall, LaPerm feeding is straightforward, requiring quality nutrition in appropriate portions to maintain their moderate build, support their distinctive curly coat, and ensure their health throughout long, companionable lives filled with the affection and interaction these wonderful cats offer their families.

LaPerms are generally healthy cats with good longevity, typically living 12-15 years, though many reach their late teens with proper care. The breed's relatively recent development from a naturally occurring mutation in a farm cat population with diverse genetics contributes to overall genetic robustness and health. The spontaneous origin and outcrossing permitted during early breed development helped maintain genetic diversity, benefiting overall health compared to breeds developed from limited founding populations. Most LaPerms live healthy, active lives with proper nutrition, regular veterinary care, and attention to basic health needs. Understanding general feline health concerns rather than numerous breed-specific conditions allows owners to provide appropriate preventive care.

While LaPerms have general health considerations common to all domestic cats, they don't suffer from numerous breed-specific genetic conditions like some heavily manipulated breeds. Their natural mutation origin and diverse genetic background from farm cat ancestry contribute to overall good health. Working with responsible breeders who health-test breeding cats, maintaining regular veterinary care, providing proper nutrition and environmental enrichment, and staying alert to potential symptoms allows owners to support their LaPerms' health throughout their lives. Pet insurance may be worth considering to offset unexpected veterinary costs, though LaPerms are not particularly prone to expensive chronic conditions requiring extensive ongoing treatment. With attentive care addressing general feline health needs—particularly dental care, weight management, and routine preventive medicine—these affectionate, curly-coated cats typically remain healthy companions for 12-15 years or longer, bringing their unique combination of striking appearance, gentle personality, and devoted companionship to their families throughout long, satisfying lives filled with the mutual affection and interaction these wonderful cats both give and need.

The LaPerm Shorthair's coat is the breed's most distinctive and celebrated feature—a naturally curly or wavy texture created by a genetic mutation affecting hair structure without eliminating any hair types. This unique coat sets LaPerms apart from straight-coated breeds and creates a tactile experience unlike any other cat. The curls range from loose waves to tight ringlets depending on individual genetics, creating variation even within the breed. The shorthair variety displays tighter, more compact curls compared to longhair LaPerms, creating a springy, plush texture often described as resembling a teddy bear, lamb's wool, Persian lamb fur, or tightly textured fabric.

The coat is short to medium-short in length with the curls most prominent along the back, sides, flanks, and tail where there's sufficient hair length for curls to form fully. The face and legs may show less pronounced curling, appearing wavy rather than tightly curled. The texture is soft and inviting to touch, creating one of the most pleasant tactile experiences in the cat world. Unlike Rex breeds that lack guard hairs, LaPerms have a full coat with all hair types present—the mutation affects how the hair grows and curls rather than eliminating hair types, creating curls in otherwise structurally complete fur.

One of the most distinctive aspects of the LaPerm coat is its developmental pattern. LaPerm kittens may be born with various coat presentations: some are born with straight or slightly wavy coats, some are born with light curls, and remarkably, some are born nearly bald and develop their curly coat gradually. Many LaPerms experience a dramatic transformation where they shed their kitten coat between 2-4 months of age, appearing nearly bald temporarily before the adult curly coat grows in. This can alarm unprepared owners, but it's completely normal for the breed. The adult coat develops gradually, with curl tightness and pattern becoming fully established by 2-3 years of age.

Curl tightness and pattern can vary with hormonal changes, seasons, or after bathing. Some LaPerms develop looser curls in warm weather and tighter curls in cold weather. Females may experience coat changes during heat cycles, pregnancy, or after spaying. These variations are normal and reflect the coat's responsiveness to various physiological factors. Many owners notice that bathing temporarily enhances curl definition and tightness, though the coat gradually returns to its baseline pattern as it grows out.

LaPerms are accepted in all colors and patterns, offering remarkable variety. Solid colors include white, black, blue, red, cream, chocolate, lilac, and others. Tabby patterns (classic, mackerel, spotted, ticked) appear in numerous color combinations—brown tabby, silver tabby, red tabby, blue tabby, and more. Tortoiseshell patterns mix red and black (or their dilutes) in mottled patterns. Calico adds white to tortoiseshell coloring. Bi-color cats display white combined with any other color in various proportions. Colorpoint patterns show darker coloring on face, ears, legs, and tail with pale bodies. Essentially, any color or pattern occurring in domestic cats can appear in LaPerms, all displaying the signature curly texture.

Eye color corresponds to coat color following standard feline genetics. Copper, gold, or green eyes appear with most colors. Blue eyes occur with colorpoint patterns or sometimes with white cats. Odd-eyed cats (one blue, one copper/gold) may occur in white or high-white bi-color patterns. The combination of diverse colors and patterns with the distinctive curly coat means LaPerms can suit virtually any aesthetic preference while maintaining the touchable, unique texture that defines the breed.

Wiskers and eyebrows in LaPerms are characteristically curled, kinked, or of varying lengths, reflecting the mutation's effect on all hair types. Some LaPerms have dramatically long, spiraling whiskers, while others have shorter or broken whiskers due to the fragility of curled hair. This variation is normal and doesn't typically impair the cat's sensory function, though some LaPerms with very short or broken whiskers may be slightly less adept at close-range spatial navigation. The curly whiskers add to the overall distinctive appearance and are an immediate visual signal of the breed's unique genetics.

Grooming shorthair LaPerms requires a gentle, balanced approach. Weekly to twice-weekly gentle brushing or combing with a wide-toothed comb or very soft brush removes loose hairs, distributes natural oils, and maintains coat health. The critical factor is gentleness—aggressive brushing damages the delicate curled hairs, breaking them and creating a frizzy, disrupted appearance. Work slowly and carefully, following the direction of natural curl. Some groomers recommend misting the coat lightly with water before grooming to minimize breakage, though this isn't necessary for routine maintenance.

Many LaPerm owners successfully use finger-combing for regular maintenance. Running fingers gently through the coat removes loose hairs while preserving curl integrity and provides bonding time. This hands-on approach also allows thorough skin examination for any issues. The goal is removing loose undercoat and dead hairs without over-grooming, which can flatten curls and create an uncharacteristically smooth appearance. Less is often more with LaPerm grooming—gentle, minimal intervention maintains the coat better than aggressive, frequent grooming.

Shedding in LaPerms is relatively low compared to straight-coated breeds. The curls trap shed hair, preventing it from falling freely onto furniture and clothing. While they do shed—all cats shed to some degree—the amount is modest and the shed hair is often caught in the coat rather than distributed throughout the home. Regular gentle grooming removes this trapped shed hair, keeping shedding nearly invisible in most households. The curly coat structure means shed hairs are less noticeable than straight cat fur even when they do escape.

Bathing LaPerms requires special technique to preserve and potentially enhance curl definition. Most need bathing only 3-4 times yearly unless the coat becomes oily or dirty. Use gentle, cat-specific shampoo, massage carefully through the coat following curl direction, and rinse thoroughly—residual soap can cause skin irritation and coat issues. After bathing, gently squeeze excess water from the coat rather than rubbing vigorously with towels. Allow natural air-drying or use a blow dryer on cool setting with diffuser attachment, scrunching curls gently while drying to enhance definition. Many owners find that bathing temporarily improves curl tightness and definition, creating a particularly attractive coat appearance.

Skin care deserves attention because the curly coat can trap debris, though this is less problematic in shorthairs than longhairs. Check skin condition during grooming, looking for any redness, irritation, parasites, or unusual areas. The coat structure makes skin examination somewhat more challenging than with straight-coated breeds, so deliberate checking ensures early detection of any problems. Address skin issues promptly, as trapped moisture or debris in the curly coat could potentially exacerbate minor irritations if left unattended.

Sanitary trims around the hindquarters may be helpful for some LaPerms, particularly those with tighter curls that might trap fecal matter. A professional groomer or veterinarian can perform these trims safely, keeping the area clean without compromising overall coat appearance. Regular checking of this area and gentle cleaning when necessary prevents hygiene issues.

Nail trimming every 2-3 weeks and ear checking during grooming sessions complete basic maintenance. Overall, the LaPerm Shorthair coat, while distinctive and striking, requires moderate rather than intensive care. The grooming needs are manageable for most owners and far less demanding than many long-haired breeds or even some short-haired breeds with dense undercoats. The reward is a beautiful, touchable coat that invites interaction, strengthens bonds between cat and owner through pleasurable grooming and petting sessions, and creates a unique aesthetic that captures attention while remaining practical for everyday living. For people who want a cat with striking, unusual appearance but manageable care requirements, the LaPerm Shorthair coat delivers both visual appeal and reasonable maintenance in one delightfully curly, soft, irresistible package.

LaPerms are outstanding family cats, exceptionally well-suited to households with children and other pets due to their gentle, patient temperament and social nature. These cats genuinely enjoy human companionship across all age groups and typically integrate successfully into multi-pet households with appropriate introductions. Their patience, playfulness, gentle disposition, and lack of aggression make them ideal companions for families seeking an interactive, affectionate cat that participates enthusiastically in household activities without becoming stressed by typical family energy, noise, and activity levels.

LaPerms excel with children of all ages, showing remarkable patience and tolerance for child-friendly interaction. These cats actively enjoy playing with kids, engaging enthusiastically in games like fetch, chase, or interactive toy play. Their moderate energy level matches well with children's enthusiasm—they're playful enough to be entertaining without being overwhelming. LaPerms are sturdy enough to handle typical childhood petting and attention without being fragile or easily injured, and their gentle nature means they're unlikely to scratch or bite even when interactions become awkward or slightly rough.

The breed's characteristic gentleness is particularly valuable in families with children. LaPerms typically walk away from uncomfortable situations rather than reacting defensively with claws or teeth. This patience makes them exceptionally safe companions for children learning appropriate pet interaction. Even when children are learning boundaries and occasionally pet too roughly or handle awkwardly, most LaPerms tolerate these learning experiences gracefully, providing natural consequences (moving away) rather than painful ones (scratching). This forgiving nature creates positive experiences that teach children empathy and proper animal care.

LaPerms often become devoted companions to children, forming special bonds that last throughout childhood. They'll sleep in children's rooms, participate in quiet activities like reading or homework time, provide comfort during difficult moments, and engage in play during active times. Their soft, curly coat makes them particularly appealing to children who enjoy petting and cuddling, and most LaPerms clearly enjoy the attention, purring contentedly during gentle interaction. The breed's tendency to gently pat or touch their humans with their paws often delights children, who interpret this behavior as the cat "holding hands" or showing special affection.

Successful integration with children requires basic education about appropriate cat interaction. Teach children to approach calmly, pet gently, recognize when the cat wants attention versus solitude, and respect the cat's boundaries. Explain that ears, tail, and whiskers are sensitive areas requiring gentle handling. Supervise interactions with very young children (toddlers and preschoolers) until they demonstrate consistently gentle behavior. Provide the LaPerm with child-free retreat spaces—elevated perches, cat trees, or designated rooms—where they can rest undisturbed when needing solitude, though many LaPerms rarely use these escapes given their tolerance for family activity.

Multi-pet households suit LaPerms particularly well. These social cats often actively enjoy having animal companions and integrate smoothly with other cats when properly introduced. They're neither overly dominant nor submissive, instead establishing comfortable, harmonious relationships based on mutual tolerance and often genuine affection. In multi-cat homes, LaPerms often become social facilitators, their friendly nature helping maintain household peace. They're playful enough to engage other cats in games but calm enough to coexist peacefully with more sedate companions.

Introducing LaPerms to resident cats should follow gradual protocols to ensure smooth integration. Begin with scent-swapping—exchanging bedding or rubbing towels on each cat—allowing them to become familiar with each other's scent before visual contact. Progress to visual contact through baby gates or slightly opened doors, permitting cats to see each other without physical interaction while monitoring body language for signs of relaxation or tension. Only when both cats appear calm during visual contact should supervised direct interaction begin. The process may take several weeks, but patience prevents conflicts and establishes positive long-term relationships.

Provide adequate resources to prevent competition: multiple litter boxes (one per cat plus one extra) in different locations, separate feeding stations, multiple water sources, and numerous comfortable resting areas at various heights. Resource abundance reduces territorial behavior and allows each cat to access necessities without competition. Most LaPerms share resources peacefully, but providing plenty prevents potential conflicts before they arise. Their non-confrontational nature means they're unlikely to start conflicts but appreciate having adequate resources to avoid feeling pressured.

Dogs make excellent companions for LaPerms when the dog is well-trained, calm, and cat-friendly. LaPerms' social, friendly nature means they're less fearful of dogs than more timid breeds, and their moderate energy matches well with calm to moderately active dogs. Dogs with previous positive cat experience are ideal companions. However, high-energy dogs, very large breeds, or dogs with strong prey drives may be too intense for most cats. Proper introductions using secure barriers, gradual exposure, supervised initial interactions, and professional training if needed establish safe, positive relationships.

Many LaPerms form genuine friendships with gentle dogs, playing together, grooming each other, resting in close proximity, or simply coexisting peacefully in shared spaces. Some LaPerms even seek out canine companions for warmth and companionship, surprising their owners with their comfort level around dogs. However, always provide cat-safe zones—rooms with baby gates, elevated spaces dogs cannot reach—where the LaPerm can retreat if feeling overwhelmed, even in harmonious dog-cat relationships. Cats benefit from having dog-free spaces where they can relax without canine presence.

Smaller pets including birds, hamsters, rabbits, guinea pigs, or other small animals require caution with LaPerms. While not particularly high prey-drive cats compared to some breeds, LaPerms retain natural hunting instincts and may view small animals as prey, especially if they move quickly or make sounds triggering predatory interest. Never leave cats unsupervised with uncaged small animals. Ensure small pet enclosures are completely secure with latches cats cannot manipulate. Preferably locate small pet housing in rooms cats cannot access. Even with precautions, the LaPerm's curiosity means they'll likely investigate small pet cages with keen interest.

Fish tanks should have secure lids, as curious LaPerms may investigate tank tops and could potentially fall in, knock over equipment, or catch fish in open tanks. Their moderate prey drive and curiosity combine to make open aquariums particularly attractive investigation targets. Secure covers eliminate risks while allowing LaPerms to safely enjoy watching fish swimming, which many cats find entertaining.

The LaPerm temperament—gentle, patient, social, friendly, and adaptable—creates ideal conditions for successful multi-species households. They genuinely seem to enjoy being part of active, diverse families rather than preferring solitude or quiet. Their adaptability allows them to adjust to various household compositions, while their affectionate nature ensures they form bonds with multiple family members regardless of species. For families seeking a cat that truly integrates into family life, participates enthusiastically in household activities, gets along with everyone—children, adults, other cats, and compatible dogs—and brings both beauty and personality to the home, the LaPerm offers an ideal combination of gentleness, patience, playfulness, and adaptability wrapped in a soft, curly coat that makes them irresistibly touchable to family members of all ages. Their combination of striking appearance and wonderful temperament makes them treasured family members that enrich households with their affection, interaction, and unique curly presence.