Treatment

First aid in the early stages, when the tissue is still soft, involves warming the affected tissue with warm water. Do not massage the area as this may cause the release of toxins which may further damage already impaired tissues. Instead, gently apply a protective Vaseline- based ointment and cover the area if possible. If the ointment is warm, it will spread more easily, especially in those areas covered with hair. This can be done in the field by placing the ointment tube next to your skin. If the tissue is not malleable and/or the possibility of refreezing exists, don't attempt field rewarming. Instead transport to a veterinarian ASAP. The rewarming that can occur during transport in a warm vehicle is painful. Do not turn the heat on high, but keep the vehicle at a cool to moderate temperature. If possible, the handler should not be driving but should sit with or hold the dog to prevent the scratching or biting at the painful area.